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The study reassesses surviving drawings, engravings by Johannes Kip, and newly identified presentation material, using it to clarify how Hawksmoor’s design developed for St Alfege.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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the rebuilding of St Alfege Church?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"A partial collapse of the medieval structure in 1710 led to the church being entirely rebuilt between 1713 and 1732, with consecration in 1718.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How did the Commission’s requirements affect Hawksmoor’s design?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"The Commission required east-west orientation and a portico, and it also raised the issue of the west-end tower, which influenced how the portico and overall scheme were developed.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What new evidence does the document discuss regarding drawings?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"It describes the discovery of a previously unknown presentation drawing in Hawksmoor’s hand and compares it with other known drawings and related model submissions to clarify the design 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\nby  \nRICHARD HILL  \nSt Afege,the parish church of Greenzeich,was entirely rebuilt betweeen 1713 and 1732 followering thepartial collapse of the medieval structure in 1710.It was the first of the new churches to be built andconsecrated(1718)by the Commission for the Fifty New Churches and the first of a series designed byNicholas Hawksmoor.'It was badly damaged by incendiaries in March 1941 and restored under thedirection of Albert Richardson,re-opening in 1953.Research recently carried out as part ofa HeritageLottery Fund bid has increased our understanding of the development of the design for St Afege.²Apreviously unknown presentation drawing of the church,in Hawksmoor's hand,has come to light andwe discuss this drawing in the context of other discussions of Haweksmoor's work for the Commission  \nAN OUTLINE OF THE PROCESS OF DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTIONIn 171l an Act was passed imposing a duty on coals for,among otherpurposes,'Building..fifty new churches of Stone and other proper Materials,with Towers or Steeples to eachof them.….Nicholas Hawksmoor and William Dickinson were appointed Surveyors tothe Commission which was charged with implementing the Act,their salaries startingin Michaelmas 1711.³Other architects and surveyors submitted design proposals forthe new churches-most notably James Gibbs -and on 9July 1712 both Hawksmoorand John James submitted designs for St Alfege.James's proposal was rejected by theCommissioners,leaving the field clear for Hawksmoor.On 16July the Commissiondiscussed their generic briefand on 23July asked Hawksmoor to submit a revised design'conformable'to the brief.On 6 August he duly presented two alternative schemes ofwhich the Commission chose the smaller.⁵Work was underway on the foundations bythe autumn and by August 1713 the masons had reached the top of the outside walls,good progress indeed.⁶Work then slowed down and it was not until 1718 that thechurch was consecrated,the delay causing annoyance to Greenwich Hospital whichhad accommodated the congregation during the building work.?This six-years project(not including the tower)can be compared with the fifteen years and more that weretaken to build Christ Church Spitalfields,St Anne Limehouse and St George-in-the-East (Figs l and 2).  \nThe medieval church was entirely demolished before reconstruction began.Noremnants of its foundations can be seen in the crypt of the new building,though some  \nNicholas Hawksmoor and the draweings for St Afege Church,Greeneich  \nFig.1  \nSt Alfege Church,east end.Richard Griffiths Architects  \nWEST  \nFig.2St Alfege Church,plan.Richard Griffiths Architects  \n# Transactions of the Ancient Monuments Society\n\nindividual stone blocks may have been re-used in the lowest parts of the crypt structure.The tower which stood at the west end of the church was however left intact,with thenew building structurally separate,leaving open allfuture possibilities for its retention,demolition,refurbishment or replacement.The Commission assumed that a tower or aspire was essential to the new churches,but they evidently considered that the existingtower of St Alfege was adequate,or at least that its replacement was not a priority.It wasnot until 1730 and after a great deal of debate with the parish that the Commissionersagreed to fund the encasing of the lower parts of the tower and the construction of newupper stages,employingJohn James as the architect,with Hawksmoor's collaboration.8As we shall see,Hawksmoor himselfhad canvassed for the rebuilding of the towerin 1714,to no avail,but he did use the upper stages of his tower design at St George-in-the-East.  \nThe structural separation of church and tower are an important aspect of the StAlfege scheme.At Christ Church Spitalfields,St Anne Limehouse and St George-in-the-East Hawksmoor made many changes to the designs ofthe spire and towers-dramaticallyso at Christ Church-but their structural bases were in place from","cbCaib48hr0mq7vD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaib48hr0mq7vD","pdf",18044088,21,"English","# Transactions of the Ancient Monuments Society\n## A REAPPRAISAL OF THE DESIGN PROCESS","[{\"question\":\"What prompted the rebuilding of St Alfege Church?\",\"answer\":\"A partial collapse of the medieval structure in 1710 led to the church being entirely rebuilt between 1713 and 1732, with consecration in 1718.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the Commission’s requirements affect Hawksmoor’s design?\",\"answer\":\"The Commission required east-west orientation and a portico, and it also raised the issue of the west-end tower, which influenced how the portico and overall scheme were developed.\"},{\"question\":\"What new evidence does the document discuss regarding drawings?\",\"answer\":\"It describes the discovery of a previously unknown presentation drawing in Hawksmoor’s hand and compares it with other known drawings and related model submissions to clarify the design development.\"}]","Nicholas Hawksmoor and the drawings for St Alfege Church, Greenwich - [DROP_DOCUMENT] | PDF",53]