[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-338557-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-338557-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","neutrophils-in-oncolytic-virus-immunotherapy","Neutrophils in oncolytic virus immunotherapy","","Oncolytic viruses are highlighted as a promising cancer modality because they selectively replicate in tumors, deliver therapeutic genes, and reshape the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through multiple mechanisms, with potential synergy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Clinical evidence from 2000–2020 shows substantial use of intratumoral versus intravenous administration, yet delivery faces obstacles such as non-specific uptake and neutralizing responses. This review focuses on neutrophils—abundant peripheral leukocytes—summarizing their emerging antiviral functions and their underexplored roles in oncolytic virus therapy, aiming to support future theoretical and translational development.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/neutrophils-in-oncolytic-virus-immunotherapy/338557/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/neutrophils-in-oncolytic-virus-immunotherapy/338557.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Genevieve","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why are oncolytic viruses considered promising for cancer treatment?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"They can selectively replicate and lyse tumor cells, activate the tumor immune microenvironment, and spare healthy tissue. They also can deliver therapeutic genes and may synergize with immune checkpoint inhibitors.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What challenges arise with intravenous delivery of oncolytic viruses?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Intravenous delivery can suffer from non-specific tissue uptake and may trigger neutralizing antibody responses and antiviral effects mediated by immune cells in the bloodstream.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What evidence supports neutrophils having roles in antiviral responses relevant to oncolytic virus therapy?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Neutrophils can directly phagocytize viruses and release antiviral or antimicrobial peptides that neutralize viral particles. Additional studies suggest neutrophil status can correlate with clinical outcomes and neutrophil depletion can weaken antitumor effects in animal models.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},338557,1790128701,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":123,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},1374391974585,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","TYPE Review  \nPUBLISHED 04 December 2024 DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1490414  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nGuohao Wang,  \nNational Institutes of Health (NIH), United States  \nREVIEWED BY  \nFabian Benencia,  \nOhio University, United States Chao Quan,  \nNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIH), United States Shufeng Sun,  \nNational Institutes of Health (NIH), United States  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nMing Yuan  \n [13928423590@163.com](13928423590@163.com)  \nRECEIVED 03 September 2024  \nACCEPTED 13 November 2024  \nPUBLISHED 04 December 2024  \nCITATION  \nZhou D, Zhang C, Sun J and Yuan M (2024) Neutrophils in oncolytic virus immunotherapy.  \nFront. Immunol. 15:1490414 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1490414  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2024 Zhou, Zhang, Sun and Yuan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nNeutrophils in oncolytic virus immunotherapy  \nDanya Zhou1,2, Chenglin Zhang3, Jingyi Sun 3 and Ming Yuan 4*  \n1 Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei,  \nAnhui, China, 2 Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University) Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China, 3 National Centre for International Research in Cell and Gene Therapy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 4 Huayao Kangming Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China  \nOncolytic viruses have emerged as a highly promising modality for cancer treatment due to their ability to replicate specifically within tumors, carry therapeutic genes, and modulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through various mechanisms. Additionally, they show potential synergy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. A study report indicates that from 2000 to 2020, 49 .5% of oncolytic viruses were administered intratumorally and 35% intravenously during clinical trials. However, both administration methods face significant challenges, particularly with intravenous delivery, which encounters issues such as non-specific tissue uptake, neutralizing antibody responses, and antiviral effects mediated by various immune cells. Despite extensive research into the antiviral roles of CD8+ T cells and NK cells in oncolytic virus therapy, neutrophils—constituting approximately 50% to 70% of human peripheral blood leukocytes—have received relatively little attention. Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte subset in peripheral circulation, known for their phagocytic activity. Beyond their traditional roles in bacterial and fungal infections, emerging literature suggests that neutrophils also play a critical role in the body’s antiviral responses. Given the gaps in understanding the role of neutrophils in oncolytic virus therapy, this article reviews current literature on this topic. It aims to provide a theoretical foundation for developing oncolytic virusbased cancer therapies and enhancing their anti-tumor efficacy in future clinical treatments.  \nKEYWORDS  \nneutrophils, oncolytic viruses, oncolytic virus immunotherapy, cancer, antiviral immune response  \n1 Introduction  \nOncolytic viruses (OVs) have shown significant potential in cancer therapy due to their ability to selectively replicate within and lyse tumor cells, exploiting aberrant signaling pathways and the impaired antiviral defense mechanisms in tumor cells. This selective replication activates the tumor immune microenvironment (TME) while sparing healthy cells, thereby enhancing their therapeutic potential. Various OVs have been tested in clinical trials, including Adenovirus (AdV), Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), Measles vi","cbCaicxZQLLE0ZZd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicxZQLLE0ZZd","pdf",1218495,"English","# Introduction\n## Clinical use and delivery of oncolytic viruses\n## Antiviral roles of neutrophils","[{\"question\":\"Why are oncolytic viruses considered promising for cancer treatment?\",\"answer\":\"They can selectively replicate and lyse tumor cells, activate the tumor immune microenvironment, and spare healthy tissue. They also can deliver therapeutic genes and may synergize with immune checkpoint inhibitors.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges arise with intravenous delivery of oncolytic viruses?\",\"answer\":\"Intravenous delivery can suffer from non-specific tissue uptake and may trigger neutralizing antibody responses and antiviral effects mediated by immune cells in the bloodstream.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence supports neutrophils having roles in antiviral responses relevant to oncolytic virus therapy?\",\"answer\":\"Neutrophils can directly phagocytize viruses and release antiviral or antimicrobial peptides that neutralize viral particles. Additional studies suggest neutrophil status can correlate with clinical outcomes and neutrophil depletion can weaken antitumor effects in animal models.\"}]","Neutrophils in oncolytic virus immunotherapy | PDF",1790024235,25]