[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-626784-105":59,"doc-detail-626784-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","neuroimaging-in-epilepsy-review-article","Neuroimaging in Epilepsy - Review Article","","Objective: review the use of neuroimaging in treating new-onset seizures and epilepsy, emphasizing MRI as the dominant modality while also covering imaging used when evaluating candidates for epilepsy surgery. The article explains how the International League Against Epilepsy HARNESS MRI protocol strengthens diagnostic yield through harmonized structural sequences and correct ordering of imaging sequences. Key points highlight MRI’s preference for identifying epileptogenic lesions, recommending thin-cut, no-gap protocols and integration with clinical information to support accurate lesion detection and care.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/neuroimaging-in-epilepsy-review-article/626784/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/neuroimaging-in-epilepsy-review-article/626784.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alexandar","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-12","2026-10-20",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What imaging modalities are emphasized for new-onset seizures and epilepsy?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The article emphasizes MRI as the most common modality, and also reviews other imaging approaches used when individuals are being considered for epilepsy surgery.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Why is MRI preferred for identifying epilepsy-associated lesions?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"MRI is preferred because it provides superior soft-tissue resolution and, with epilepsy-specific protocols, helps detect small epileptogenic lesions that may be missed by other methods.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How does CT compare to MRI in the emergency setting?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"CT is commonly used in emergency departments and can rapidly identify major structural changes, such as hemorrhage or large tumors with cerebral edema, but it has weaker support for detecting subtle abnormalities associated with focal epilepsy compared with structural MRI.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},626784,1792665652,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":31,"preview_page_count":4},962090768658,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Neuroimaging in Epilepsy  \nBy Christopher T. Skidmore, MD  \nABSTRACT  \nOBJECTIVE: The goal of this article is to review the use of neuroimaging in the treatment of new-onset seizures and epilepsy. The article will focus predominantly on MRI because this is the most common modality, but it will also review others that are often used in individuals being considered for epilepsy surgery. The article also reviews common causes of epilepsy and their appearance on imaging and various imaging tools that can be combined to assist in the care of people with epilepsy.  \nLATEST DEVELOPMENTS: MRI has revolutionized the ability to diagnose the cause of many forms of epilepsy. However, to maximize the diagnostic power of MRI, it is essential to order the correct imaging sequences. In this article, the harmonized neuroimaging of epilepsy structural sequences (HARNESS) MRI protocol proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy is discussed.  \nESSENTIAL POINTS: MRI is the preferred imaging modality to identify lesions associated with epilepsy. Protocols should include thin-cut, no-gap sequences to permit the identification of small epileptogenic lesions, and studies should be reviewed with an understanding of all the clinical information to help guide the identification of potential lesions.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nE  \npilepsy and seizures are very common indications for a neurologic consultation. Although the history and physical examination are fundamental to the appropriate diagnosis and counseling of a patient with suspected seizures or epilepsy, neuroimaging is also a key component in the evaluation. Historically, the diagnosis of epilepsy  \nwas made after an individual had two unprovoked seizures outside of the same 24-hour period. This strict definition accounted for the high risk for this patient population for further unprovoked seizures and was used to determine when to initiate treatment with antiseizure medications. The International League Against Epilepsy changed the definition of epilepsy in 20141 to reflect the other factors that increase repeat seizure risk. The new definition considers features that increase the risk of a recurrent seizure by more than 60% over 10 years and permits the diagnosis of epilepsy after a first unprovoked seizure. The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) published a guideline on the management of an unprovoked first seizure in adults2 that identifies four factors that may increase the risk of a recurrent seizure above the 60% threshold. These include a prior cortical brain injury, epileptiform abnormalities on an EEG, a significant brain imaging abnormality, or a seizure occurring from sleep. Neuroimaging therefore  \nREVIEW ARTICLE  \n􀀁  \nCONTINUUM AUDIO INTERVIEW AVAILABLE ONLINE  \nCITE AS:  \nCONTINUUM (MIN NEA P M INN) 2025;31(1, EPILEPSY):61 –80.  \nAddress correspondence to Dr Christopher T. Skidmore, Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Neurology, 901 Walnut St, 4th Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19107, Christopher.  \n[Skidmore@jefferson.edu](Skidmore@jefferson.edu).  \nRELATIONSHIP DISCLOSURE: Dr Skidmore has received personal compensation in the range of $500 to $4999 for serving as a consultant for UCBS. A. and for serving as an expert witness for Saltz Mongeluzzi Bendesky P. C. The institution of Dr Skidmore has received research support from Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc and NeuroPace, Inc.  \nUNLABELED USE OF PRODUCTS/INVESTIGATIONAL USE DISCLOSURE:  \nDr Skidmore reports no disclosure.  \n© 2025 American Academy of Neurology.  \nCONTINUUM JOURNAL . COM 61  \nCopyright © American Academy of Neurology. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.  \nNEUROIMAGING IN EPILEPSY  \nbecomes an important tool in the evaluation of a patient with a first unprovoked seizure because it may alter the diagnosis and treatment recommendations.  \nMany patients with new-onset seizures present to an emergency department for their initial evaluation, and the most common imaging modality used in an emergency dep","cbCaigkZcBkDQiKi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigkZcBkDQiKi","pdf",19611156,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Neuroimaging in acute seizure evaluation\n# MRI vs CT for detection and prognosis\n# Imaging to guide epilepsy surgery referral","[{\"question\":\"What imaging modalities are emphasized for new-onset seizures and epilepsy?\",\"answer\":\"The article emphasizes MRI as the most common modality, and also reviews other imaging approaches used when individuals are being considered for epilepsy surgery.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is MRI preferred for identifying epilepsy-associated lesions?\",\"answer\":\"MRI is preferred because it provides superior soft-tissue resolution and, with epilepsy-specific protocols, helps detect small epileptogenic lesions that may be missed by other methods.\"},{\"question\":\"How does CT compare to MRI in the emergency setting?\",\"answer\":\"CT is commonly used in emergency departments and can rapidly identify major structural changes, such as hemorrhage or large tumors with cerebral edema, but it has weaker support for detecting subtle abnormalities associated with focal epilepsy compared with structural MRI.\"}]","Neuroimaging in Epilepsy - Review Article | PDF",1792540498]