[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-331136-105":59,"doc-detail-331136-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","network-analysis-to-identify-driver-genes-and-combination-drugs-in-brain-cancer","Network analysis to identify driver genes and combination drugs in brain cancer","","Network analysis for brain cancer integrates gene, interaction, and network-control evidence to propose combination drug options. Using CORMINE, brain-cancer-related genes with valid P-values are collected, then STRING supports structural and functional relationship mapping. A PPI hub-centrality scan identifies highly connected proteins, and modularization selects the module with the most hub vertices. Oriented edges and controllability analysis yield five high-control driver proteins, which are linked to drug-gene interactions to derive candidate combination drugs.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/network-analysis-to-identify-driver-genes-and-combination-drugs-in-brain-cancer/331136/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/network-analysis-to-identify-driver-genes-and-combination-drugs-in-brain-cancer/331136.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Oliver","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How are driver genes and proteins identified in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Genes are collected from CORMINE using valid P-values, relationships are built with STRING, and hub centrality is calculated on the PPI network. After modularization, controllability analysis on the selected module identifies driver vertices and five high-control proteins.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What databases are used for gene and interaction processing?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"CORMINE is used to collect brain cancer-related genes with valid P-values, and STRING is used to identify structural and functional relationships between the resulting gene sets.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How are combination drugs derived from the identified driver proteins?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"After driver proteins are determined, drug-gene interaction information is used to obtain drugs effective on each driver gene. These drugs are proposed as potential new combination therapies.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331136,1790453425,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},8796095461610,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","[www. nature.com/scientificreports](www. nature.com/scientificreports)  \nOPEN  \nNetwork analysis to identify driver genes and combination drugs in brain cancer  \nFarinaz Roshani1*, MobinaAhvar1 & Ali Ebrahimi1,2*  \nBrain cancer is one of the deadliest diseases, although many efforts have been made to treat it, thereis no comprehensive and effective treatment approach yet. In recent years, the use of network-based analysis to identify important biological genes and pathways involved in various complex diseases, including brain cancer, has attracted the attention of researchers. The goal of this manuscript is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the various results presented related to brain cancer. For this purpose, firstly, based on the CORMINE medical database, collected all the genes related to brain cancer with a valid P-value. Then the structural and functional relationships between the above gene sets have been identified based on the STRING database. Next, in the PPI network, hub centrality analysis was performed to determine the proteins that have many connections with other proteins. After the modularization of the network, the module with the most hub vertices is considered asthe most relevant module to the formation and progression of brain cancer. Since the driver vertices play an important role in biological systems, the edges ofthe selected module were oriented, and by analyzing the controllability of complex networks, a set of five proteins with the highest control power has been identified. Finally, based on the drug-gene interaction, a set of drugs effective on each of the driver genes has been obtained, which can potentially be used as new combination drugs. Validation of the hub and driver proteins shows that they are mainly essential proteins in the biological processes related to the various cancers and therefore the drugs that affect them can be considered as new combination therapy. The presented procedure can be used for any other complex disease.  \nKeywords Brain cancer, Systems biology, Driver gene, Hub proteins, Network, Controllability  \nCancer is one of the most important causes of death in the world. In addition, it is a big challenge with the impact on people’s lifestyle and, the extensive costs of treatment. Therefore, many efforts have been made and are being made in order to provide treatment solutions and prevent its spread. Prevention and early detection are of great importance for cancer control. Cancer is a complex disease of which about 100 types have been reported and it can occur in almost any tissue of the body and it is necessary to analyze the different level of tumor growth because of their complexity1. Growth, survival, metastasis of cancer cells can increase by communicating with their microenvironment1. Also, the process of tumor development may take several decades2. Although tumor cells are the cause of their heterogeneity3, but they evolve based on a developmental plan that includes genetic, epigenetic events, also a complex network of interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix in the host tissue4. Despite the availability of extensive cell lines, human tumors for many types of cancer rarely represent the full range of tumor phenotypes observed in patients because they often have specific dependencies3. Also one of the causes of cancer is inflammation, which causes cell stress and may cause DNA or genome damage and researchers have shown that inflammation plays an important role in all stages of tumor promotion, tumor growth, metastatic spread, invasion, and escape from the immune system5.  \nWith the help of efficient and multifaceted omics data, cancer biology and medicine have succeeded in developing targeted treatments and immunotherapy for various cancers in recent decades6. Cancer treatment requires a systems biology approach, because effective cancer treatments cannot be obtained by understanding individual parts of cancer6. Examining the state of tumor gro","cbCaihP9dooIFp4I","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihP9dooIFp4I","pdf",1662915,"English","# Methods Overview\n## Gene collection from CORMINE\n## Interaction mapping via STRING\n## PPI hub analysis and modularization\n## Driver identification using controllability\n## Drug-gene interaction and candidate combinations","[{\"question\":\"How are driver genes and proteins identified in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Genes are collected from CORMINE using valid P-values, relationships are built with STRING, and hub centrality is calculated on the PPI network. After modularization, controllability analysis on the selected module identifies driver vertices and five high-control proteins.\"},{\"question\":\"What databases are used for gene and interaction processing?\",\"answer\":\"CORMINE is used to collect brain cancer-related genes with valid P-values, and STRING is used to identify structural and functional relationships between the resulting gene sets.\"},{\"question\":\"How are combination drugs derived from the identified driver proteins?\",\"answer\":\"After driver proteins are determined, drug-gene interaction information is used to obtain drugs effective on each driver gene. These drugs are proposed as potential new combination therapies.\"}]","Network analysis to identify driver genes and combination drugs in brain cancer | PDF",1789991910,18]