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Using narrative inquiry via electronic survey with 42 participants and follow-up interviews with a purposively selected subset, the study identifies conflict as inherent to educational leadership, often emerging when justice and care ethics collide in relationships with colleagues. It further finds that leaders’ conflict-mitigation improves with longevity and diverse leadership experiences, while preparation programs and in-service development strengthen ethical decision-making foundations and applied competence.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/negotiating-the-double-mandate-mapping-ethical-conflict-experienced-by-practicing-educational-leaders/601778/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/negotiating-the-double-mandate-mapping-ethical-conflict-experienced-by-practicing-educational-leaders/601778.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"ahduag","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What study method was used to investigate ethical conflict among educational leaders?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study used narrative inquiry via an electronic survey with 42 participants, followed by follow-up interviews with a purposively selected smaller sample.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"When do leaders most often experience ethical conflict?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Ethical conflict is most often experienced in relation to colleagues when the ethics of justice and care collide.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How can conflict-mitigation be improved, according to the findings?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Leaders’ ability to mitigate conflict is improved when coupled with longevity and diversity of leadership experiences, supported by preparation and in-service professional development.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601778,1792189445,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747870414,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Negotiating the Double Mandate: Mapping Ethical Conflict Experienced by Practicing Educational Leaders  \nThis manuscript has been peer-reviewed, accepted, and endorsed by the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration (NCPEA) as a significant contribution to the scholarship and practice of  \nschool administration and K-12 education.  \nJeffrey W. McGee  \nKatherine Cumings Mansfield  \nVirginia Commonwealth University  \nThe purpose of this study was to capture and describe ethical conflict experienced by seasoned educational administrators. Narrative inquiry via electronic survey was conducted with 42 participants with follow-up interviews conducted with a smaller sample of purposefully-selected participants. Findings suggest that ethical conflict is inherent in the practice of educational leadership and is most often experienced in relation to colleagues when the ethics of justice and care collide. Moreover, leaders’ ability to mitigate conflict, which is exacerbated by institutional and external factors, is improved when coupled by longevity and diversity of leadership experiences. Finally, the role leadership preparation programs and in-service professional development play in building theoretical foundationsand competence in applied ethical decision-making cannot be overestimated.  \nSchool leaders that rely on efficient approaches to solve dilemmas run the risk of suspending their ethical responsibility to students. Colnerud (1991, 1994, 2006) suggests that ethical tension and conflict finds their origin where ethical norms collide. The collision of these norms creates space for ethical dilemmas to arise in schools and in the decisions of those who work in them. In this context, leaders face a double mandate wherein their professional conduct is expected to support such norms as well as students’ best interests. For example, when confronted with difficult decisions leaders can be: pressured by guidance that comes in the form of zero-tolerance (Keleher, 2000); influenced by norms associated with collegial loyalty (Colnerud, 1997); or suffer from the effects of goal displacement (Langlois & Lapointe, 2007) . Further, in some cases, organizational conditions can inhibit moral agency  \nNCPEA Education Leadership Review of Doctoral Research, Vol. 1, No. 1 – March 2014 ISSN: 1532-0723 © 2014 National Council of Professors of Educational Administration  \nThis manuscript may not be used commercially or edited. When quoting portions of this text, attribution  \nto the author/s is required.  \nor make inaction legitimate (Samier, 2008) . While the literature suggests a multiple ethical approach can help leaders to make important decisions, such an approach does not dissipate conflict, but rather, can generate ethical conflict given that students, parents, colleagues and leader all have a certain ethical standing and do not always agree in terms of best interests.  \nReconciling value-laden perspectives to promote moral ends is an ongoing problem in educational leadership and an important area of inquiry to which this project hopes to contribute. Although similar research has been conducted within the teaching profession (Colnerud, 1997; Pope, Green, Johnson, Mitchell, 2009), research is relatively slim that employs ethical theory to interpret conflict experienced by practicing educational leaders or relate their experiences to their personal and professional background and school context. Moreover utilizing the “critical incident technique” as a tool for capturing school leaders’ethical conflicts has not been assessed. This research aimed to fill these gaps.  \nPurpose and Research Questions  \nThe purpose of this research (McGee, 2013) was to capture and describe ethical conflict experienced by practicing educational leaders through a multidimensional theoretical lens. From this basis the following questions were investigated:  \n1. What is the nature of ethical conflicts that practicing educational leaders experience?  \n2","cbCaidM9avv9OnKu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidM9avv9OnKu","pdf",275017,18,"English","# Purpose and Research Questions\n## Definition of Terms\n## Double mandate\n## Ethics and morality\n## Benevolence and beneficence in ethical decision-making","[{\"question\":\"What study method was used to investigate ethical conflict among educational leaders?\",\"answer\":\"The study used narrative inquiry via an electronic survey with 42 participants, followed by follow-up interviews with a purposively selected smaller sample.\"},{\"question\":\"When do leaders most often experience ethical conflict?\",\"answer\":\"Ethical conflict is most often experienced in relation to colleagues when the ethics of justice and care collide.\"},{\"question\":\"How can conflict-mitigation be improved, according to the findings?\",\"answer\":\"Leaders’ ability to mitigate conflict is improved when coupled with longevity and diversity of leadership experiences, supported by preparation and in-service professional development.\"}]","Negotiating the Double Mandate - Mapping Ethical Conflict Experienced by Practicing Educational Leaders | PDF",1792093411,45]