[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-349328-105":59,"doc-detail-349328-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","natural-combatants-review-how-herbal-monomers-regulate-autophagy-in-ovarian-cancer","Natural Combatants - Review - How Herbal Monomers Regulate Autophagy in Ovarian Cancer","","Ovarian cancer is a lethal gynecological malignancy where current treatments are constrained by drug resistance and side effects. Autophagy contributes in both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing ways, creating an important therapeutic opportunity. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) monomers are natural bioactive compounds with notable potential to regulate autophagy and combat tumors. This review summarizes mechanisms, key action targets, and signaling pathways, highlighting pathway-based bidirectional control and effects on chemotherapy sensitivity.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/natural-combatants-review-how-herbal-monomers-regulate-autophagy-in-ovarian-cancer/349328/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/natural-combatants-review-how-herbal-monomers-regulate-autophagy-in-ovarian-cancer/349328.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aran","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-23","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is ovarian cancer difficult to treat currently?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Ovarian cancer therapy is limited by drug resistance and side effects. Recurrence and metastasis remain major clinical challenges, leading to poor overall efficacy.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role does autophagy play in ovarian cancer?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Autophagy is a dynamic self-digestion process involved in cellular homeostasis. In ovarian cancer, it is closely linked to tumor behavior and may help address multidrug resistance.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do TCM monomers regulate autophagy in ovarian cancer?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"TCM monomers bidirectionally regulate autophagy through pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK. Some enhance chemotherapy sensitivity by inducing excessive autophagy or inhibiting protective autophagy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},349328,1790200016,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},137455076865,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Send Orders for Reprints [to reprints@benthamscience.net](to reprints@benthamscience.net)  \n561  \nAnti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, 2026, 26, 561-582  \nREVIEW ARTICLE  \nNatural Combatants: How Herbal Monomers Regulate Autophagy in Ovarian Cancer  \nAn ti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry  \nMengyao Gao 1, Yufei Zhu 1, Yang Yu2, Danni Ding 1, Yu Wang 1 and Fengjuan Han2,*  \n1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China; 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China  \n© 2026 The Author(s). Published by Bentham Science Publisher. This is an open access article published under CC BY 4.0 [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode)  \nAbstract: Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a lethal gynecological malignancy, with current therapies constrained by drug resistance and side effects. Autophagy plays a dual role in OC, while Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) monomers, as natural bioactive compounds, demonstrate significant potential in regulating autophagy and combating tumors. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms by which TCM monomers regulate autophagy in OC, providing a theoretical basis for TCM-based drug development and clinical applications.  \nMethods: Relevant literature was retrieved from databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI. The action targets and signaling pathways of TCM monomers were summarized to elucidate their mechanisms in regulating OC autophagy.  \nResults: TCM monomers (e.g., ginsenoside Rg3, curcumin) bidirectionally regulate OC autophagy through pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK; some enhance chemotherapy sensitivity by inducing excessive autophagy or inhibiting protective autophagy.  \nDiscussion: TCM monotherapy offers unique advantages in the treatment of OC through precise regulation of autophagy. However, most studies are limited to in vitro experiments, and there is insufficient in vivo efficacy and clinical translational evidence.  \nConclusion: Validating the complex action network of TCM monomers through multi-omics and clinical studies, and exploring their synergistic effects with conventional chemotherapy, is crucial for advancing the development of natural anti-ovarian cancer drugs.  \nKeywords: Ovarian cancer, autophagy, traditional Chinese medicine monomers, gynecological malignancy, chemotherapy sensitivity.  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nAccording to the global cancer data in 2020, OC is the eighth most common of all new cancer cases in women, accounting for an estimated 3.7% of cases and 4.7% of cancer deaths in 2020, and OC has the fourth highest incidence and the third highest mortality rate among women's tumors [1, 2] . Because the disease is located in the pelvic cavity, the early clinical symptoms are mild. There is a lack of accurate noninvasive early screening methods, resulting in more than 70% of patients being diagnosed at a late stage, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 45% [3, 4] . At present, the treatment of OC is mainly tumor cytoreductive surgery combined with platinumbased chemotherapy. Under this treatment, the consequences of multidrug resistance are easy to occur, resulting in poor efficacy of OC. Recurrence and metastasis are also great challenges facing the clinic [5] . Therefore, it is urgent to explore new anti-cancer therapies, and solving the problem of multidrug resistance is the key. Autophagy is a dynamic process that maintains the normal metabolism and homeostasis of cells through their \"self-digestion\" [6] .  \n*Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China; [E-mail: hanfengjuan2004@163.com](E-mail: hanfengjuan2004@163.com)  \n1875-5992/2","cbCaisCAM61LgjHE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisCAM61LgjHE","pdf",2988305,22,"English","# Introduction\n## Clinical challenges in ovarian cancer and drug resistance\n## Autophagy as a therapeutic opportunity\n## TCM monomers and their relevance to anticancer activity\n# (Review) Mechanisms of autophagy regulation by TCM monomers in ovarian cancer\n## Action targets and signaling pathways\n## Effects on chemotherapy sensitivity and autophagy balance\n# Discussion\n## Strengths of TCM monotherapy\n## Limitations of current evidence\n# Conclusion\n## Need for multi-omics and clinical validation","[{\"question\":\"Why is ovarian cancer difficult to treat currently?\",\"answer\":\"Ovarian cancer therapy is limited by drug resistance and side effects. Recurrence and metastasis remain major clinical challenges, leading to poor overall efficacy.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does autophagy play in ovarian cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Autophagy is a dynamic self-digestion process involved in cellular homeostasis. In ovarian cancer, it is closely linked to tumor behavior and may help address multidrug resistance.\"},{\"question\":\"How do TCM monomers regulate autophagy in ovarian cancer?\",\"answer\":\"TCM monomers bidirectionally regulate autophagy through pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK. Some enhance chemotherapy sensitivity by inducing excessive autophagy or inhibiting protective autophagy.\"}]","Natural Combatants - Review - How Herbal Monomers Regulate Autophagy in Ovarian Cancer | PDF",1790082803,55]