[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-82512-en":3,"doc-seo-82512-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},82512,687197100911,"Himbo","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1782698725881665579",8,"Research & Report","NATO and Emerging Technologies—The Alliance’s Shifting Approach to Military Innovation","The article analyzes how NATO’s approach to military innovation is shifting under the pressure of emerging and disruptive technologies (EDTs), which differ in kind from earlier NATO adaptations such as improved radar and missile defense. It highlights how AI and quantum computing may change military utility, decision speed, targeting precision, and cyber operations. It then connects these dynamics to strategic competition involving Russia’s war in Ukraine and China’s power projection, semiconductors, AI ambitions, and weaponized autonomous systems, and explains the resulting alliance-wide adoption challenges.","Naval War College Review  \n\n| Volume 77\u003Cbr>Number 2 Spring 2024 | Article 5 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 2024\u003Cbr>NATO and Emerging Technologies—The Alliance’s Shifting Approach to Military Innovation\u003Cbr>Stephen Herzog Dominika Kunertova\u003Cbr>Follow this and additional works at: [https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review](https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review) |  |\n\nRecommended Citation  \nHerzog, Stephen and Kunertova, Dominika (2024) \"NATO and Emerging Technologies—The Alliance’s Shifting Approach to Military Innovation,\" Naval War College Review: Vol. 77: No. 2, Article 5. Available at: [https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol77/iss2/5](https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol77/iss2/5)  \nThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [repository.inquiries@usnwc.edu](repository.inquiries@usnwc.edu).  \nNATO AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES  The Alliance’s Shifting Approach to Military Innovation  \nStephen Herzog and Dominika Kunertova  \nNATO has endured for over seventy-five years, facing the challenges of the  \nCold War and a difficult transition to counterinsurgency operations after September 11, 2001. Now, the Atlantic Alliance confronts a new set of threats. Revitalized great-power competition and the diffusion of technology undoubtedly will test the adaptability of this thirty-two-nation collective defense organization. Novel technologies hardly are a foreign concept to the world’s most powerful military alliance. In its recent history, NATO has helped member countries develop and adopt capabilities ranging from ballistic missile defense to military unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or drones. Many emerging and disruptive  \nStephen Herzog is a senior researcher at the Center for Security Studies of ETH Zurich, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. He is also an associate of Harvard’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. In summer 2024, he will become professor of the practice at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey’s James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. A former U.S. Department of Energy arms control official, he received his PhD from Yale University.  \nDominika Kunertova is a senior researcher at the Center for Security Studies of ETH Zurich, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. She is also a nonresident fellow at the Cornell Brooks School Tech Policy Institute. Previously, she worked at NATO Headquarters in Brussels and NATO Allied Command Transformation in Norfolk. She received her PhD from the Université de Montréal.  \nNaval War College Review, Spring 2024, Vol. 77, No. 2  \ntechnologies (EDTs) of the current era, however, are qualitatively distinct from NATO’s previous experiences and therefore pose different challenges. Unlike that of earlier innovations in NATO’s portfolio related to improved radar or nuclear weapons, the eventual military utility of nascent EDTs such as artificial intelligence (AI) often is less tangible or apparent. Researchers warn that the performance of AI may soon surpass that of humans in many basic activities such as writing essays and driving vehicles.1 Recent public fixation with the ChatGPT large language model program points to the vast interest and intrigue surrounding future applications of AI. Meanwhile, quantum computers are beginning to solve complex mathematical problems at speeds far beyond the capacity  \nPublished by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2024 1  \n48  \nNAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW  \nof humans. Such technologies may be used to decrypt cybersecurity protocols, vastly improve navigation systems, and design and fabricate components for weapons of mass destruction.2 They also likely will accelerate decision-making speeds and enhance precision-weapon targeting.3 While mil","cbCaidk49lGbHac9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidk49lGbHac9","pdf",405148,1,25,"English","en",105,"# NATO and Emerging Technologies—The Alliance’s Shifting Approach to Military Innovation\n## Why EDTs Challenge NATO Adaptability\n## Strategic Competition from Russia and China\n## Implications for Alliance-Wide Innovation","[{\"question\":\"What distinguishes emerging disruptive technologies (EDTs) from NATO’s earlier innovation experiences?\",\"answer\":\"The article notes that EDTs—especially AI—often have less immediately tangible military utility than earlier innovations such as improved radar or nuclear weapons, even though they may still transform operations.\"},{\"question\":\"How could AI and quantum computing affect future military capabilities mentioned in the text?\",\"answer\":\"The document links AI and quantum computing to potential advances in cybersecurity decryption, navigation, weapon component design and fabrication, faster decision-making, and more precise targeting.\"},{\"question\":\"How do Russia and China’s strategies influence NATO’s innovation and technology environment?\",\"answer\":\"The article argues that their efforts—Russia’s ongoing war against Ukraine and China’s plans to expand power and nuclear capabilities—create tools and incentives that challenge the international order NATO 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distinguishes emerging disruptive technologies (EDTs) from NATO’s earlier innovation experiences?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The article notes that EDTs—especially AI—often have less immediately tangible military utility than earlier innovations such as improved radar or nuclear weapons, even though they may still transform operations.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How could AI and quantum computing affect future military capabilities mentioned in the text?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The document links AI and quantum computing to potential advances in cybersecurity decryption, navigation, weapon component design and fabrication, faster decision-making, and more precise targeting.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"How do Russia and China’s strategies influence NATO’s innovation and technology environment?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The article argues that their efforts—Russia’s ongoing war against Ukraine and China’s plans to expand power and 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