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Grounded in discussions of Bernard Tschumi’s theory of space and narratives, the paper argues that architectural narratives can arise from collective memories of historical events and urban experiences. Through case studies such as Daniel Libeskind’s Berlin Jewish Museum and the Imperial War Museum in Manchester, it examines how spatial languages and representational media convey narrative, and where visitor interpretation limits begin.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/narrative-and-the-substance-of-architectural-spaces-the-design-of-memorial-architecture-as-an-example/663166/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/narrative-and-the-substance-of-architectural-spaces-the-design-of-memorial-architecture-as-an-example/663166.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ophelia","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the paper define the relationship between architectural space and narrative?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It argues that architectural spaces and meaning may not rely solely on causal relations with function or conventional programmes. Narrative construction can stem from collective memories of historical events and urban experiences.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role does Bernard Tschumi’s research play in the argument?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Tschumi’s discussion of the interaction between formal spatial construction and complex activities supports the paper’s interdisciplinary view of space, content, and narrative unfolding in architecture.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which memorial architecture examples are used to examine spatial narratives?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The paper studies Daniel Libeskind’s Berlin Jewish Museum and the Imperial War Museum in Manchester, focusing on how spatial languages convey history, memory, and the related narratives.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},663166,1793225578,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":36},7971461741311,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826","Narrative and the Substance of Architectural Spaces: The Design of Memorial Architecture as  \nan Example  \nBy Ching-Pin Tseng 􀀍  \nThe causality between function and architectural form was an orthodox factor in the process of architectural design, as well as a determinant for the discourse of spatial content in functionalist architecture, yet, by the 1950s, this doctrine of modern architecture was challenged by a changing social context. In the discussion of the relation between the formal elaboration of spaces and the setting of programmes, Bernard Tschumi explores the constant interaction and correlation between the formal construction of spaces and the complex activities and events that take place within them. On that account, the paper argues that the creation of architectural spacesand meaning may not necessarily rely on causal relations with function or conventional programme. In terms of the design of memorial architecture, it is essential to re-examine what spatial content can be and how this content can be generated, or what thing can be thought of as the substance of the architecture. Because narrative is related to events or stories that have happened or have been happening in cities and in our everyday lives, it can be suggested that the construction of narrative in architecture may stem from people’s collective memories of historical events, events in an urban context and urban experiences, from which the content of architectural projects or spatial implications can be generated. The paper will thus explore the sources of spatial narratives as well asthe means of introducing and transforming narratives into architecture through the study of some select memorials, Daniel Libeskind’s Berlin Jewish Museum and the Imperial War Museum in Manchester, for example. In the former museum, the architect intends to convey the history and memory of Jewish people and the Holocaust mainly through architectural compositions and their spatial languages. It is thus important to discuss the relationship between the construction of spatial narrative and the substance of architectural spaces. As narrative is an abstract composition of past events or images of related places, the paper will finally discuss how narratives or memories can be represented through spatial languages and representational media, and what the limit of the visitor’s spatial interpretation of the related narratives will be.  \n􀀍Assistant Professor, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan.  \n[https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.1-2-3](https://doi.org/10.30958/aja.1-2-3) doi=10.30958/aja.1-2-3  \nIntroduction  \nIn the process of architectural design, the design brief or programme is a determinant factor for the architect to follow in the construction of his/her spatial ideas. This design programme is a document composed of the quantitative requirement of the client and the spatial need of the user, as well asthe description of spatial organization and spatial characteristics. In discussing historical aspects that determine the notion of the programme, Tschumi states that „ …the program long remained an important part of the architectural process‟, although the eighteenth century‟s development of scientific techniques and most beaux arts programmes emphasised „pure formal manipulation‟ and regarded „use and construction as separate disciplines‟.1 This disjunction between “form” and “content”, however, which also resulted from the nineteenth-century‟s complex programme and the requirement of ideal building types, was attacked by the modern movement.2  \nThe causality between function and architectural form was an orthodox factor in the process of architectural design, as well as a determinant for the discourse of spatial content in the functionalist architecture. By the 1950s, however, this doctrine of modern architecture was challenged by a changing social context. In terms of the relation between the formal elaboration of spacesand the setting of programmes, Bernard Tschumi e","cbCailJyiR7g8bz9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailJyiR7g8bz9","pdf",1059578,16,"English","# Introduction\n## Function, form, and architectural programmes\n## Narrative, events, and urban memory\n## Architecture as venue and as narrative\n## Memorial case studies and spatial meaning","[{\"question\":\"How does the paper define the relationship between architectural space and narrative?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that architectural spaces and meaning may not rely solely on causal relations with function or conventional programmes. Narrative construction can stem from collective memories of historical events and urban experiences.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does Bernard Tschumi’s research play in the argument?\",\"answer\":\"Tschumi’s discussion of the interaction between formal spatial construction and complex activities supports the paper’s interdisciplinary view of space, content, and narrative unfolding in architecture.\"},{\"question\":\"Which memorial architecture examples are used to examine spatial narratives?\",\"answer\":\"The paper studies Daniel Libeskind’s Berlin Jewish Museum and the Imperial War Museum in Manchester, focusing on how spatial languages convey history, memory, and the related narratives.\"}]","Narrative and the Substance of Architectural Spaces - The Design of Memorial Architecture as an Example | PDF"]