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Stanzel’s theory of narrative mediation, it examines how narrator-persona telling and reflector-character filtering shape point of view, rendered speech, and the related effects of narrated perception and 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evolution.",{"name":74,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":75},"How does the paper interpret the relationship between narrative and character styles?",{"text":76,"@type":64},"It distinguishes authorial (narratorial) idiom from characters’ style(s), explaining how figural idiom can intrude into narrative proper via narrated perception, and how irony may heighten narrative telling and distanciation.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":79,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":81,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":83,"site_id":7},512657,1791440817,{"code":4,"msg":86,"data":87},"success",[88,92,95,99,104,108,113,118,123,126,130],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Story & 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Fludernik  \n工  \nMost critics dealing with narrative strategies in Ulysses have tended to focustheir enquiries on Joyce's use of interior monologue.This is hardly surprisingin view of the originality of this technique,though—on the other hand—it hasalso led to the ncglecting of Joyce's more inconspicuous narrative strategies,par-ticularly those employed in the earlier episodes.Interest in the handling of nar-rative and dialogue in Joyce's work has surged only recently in connection witha pronounced concern for questions of point of view and narrative voice and hasinspired a large number of studies such as those by Sonja Bašić,Shari Benstock,David Hayman,Hugh Kenner,Ben Kimpel,Karen Lawrence,J.P.Riquelme,  \nM.P.Spraggins,or F.K.Stanzel.!Some of these,however,do not pay suffi-cient attention to the initia episodes,and others have no systematic concept ofnarrative.This greatly impairs results obtained so far in comparison with theachievements of stream of consciousness criticism.The presentation of characters'consciousness is of course much more easily detachable from the context,par-ticularly from \"Proteus\"onwards,since the novel then encourages juxtaposi-tion,rather than favoring overlapping or integration,between the descriptionsof inner events and passages of narrative and dialogue.  \nThis paper is an attempt to remedy the shortcomings illustrated above.It seeksto present a new interpretation of narrative strategies in Ulysses,concentratingon developments in the early episodes.In particular,the concept of an \"initialstyle\"purportedly dominant in episodes one to six(or even,sometimes,one toten)willbe criticized.As a consequence of this definition of techniques at thebeginning of the novel I also hope to show that current critical topoi instancinga \"first'and second\"half of Ulysses are at variance with the actual develop-ment of narrative in the book.Sirens'\"or \"Cyclops\"have most frequently bcenregarded as a definite turning-point(Cope,Gilbert,Goldberg,Groden),and othercritics mention Scylla and Charybdis\"(Peake)or even “Aeolus\"(Lawrence,Riquelnue).²In the majority of these studies no effort is undertaken to properlydefine tlie \"initial style\"of Ulysses,a term frequently interchangeable with \"thefirst half of the book.\"Indeed the initial episodes mostly serve as a point ofreference,against which later innovations,characteristic of a \"second half\"offthe novsl,may be measured.Such an approach understandably tends to obscure  \n## The Joumal of Narrative Technique\n\nJistinctive features in the “initial style.”The first half/second half dichotomyalso gave rise to speculations about a possible change in Joyce's aristic aims duringthe composition of Ulysses.In \"Joyce's Change of Artistic Aims:External andInternal Evidence'\"³I have tried to demonstrate that there is not sufficient factualbasis for such speculations,and the present article will provide additional sup-port for that argument.  \nFor a theoretical framework I have predominantly relied on F.K.Stanzel'sA Theory of Narrative.'In this narration is understood intrinsically as a processof mediation of fictional content.In a narrative which features a distinctivenarrator-persona,\"telling\"predominates as a narrative mode,whereas the filter-ing of the narrative through the consciousness of a fictional characler,called\"reflector-character,\"can be treated as showing.\"A teller-character is henceopenly mediating the story to the reader,whereas he appearance of a reflector-character seems to supply the reader with the illusion of im-mediate(i.e.non-mediated)fictional reality.We can pass over Stanzel's typology of narrative situa-tions,since these categories are too broad for the purposes of the present study.Stanzel's basic concept of mediation has particular relevance for the presentationof characters'utterances and thoughts.All speech is necessarily mediated by thenarrative","cbCaiebCcHa8mCce","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiebCcHa8mCce","pdf",2492674,27,"English","# Narrative and Its Development in “Ulysses”\n## The Journal of Narrative Technique","[{\"question\":\"What does the article challenge about critical approaches to Ulysses?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that many critics overemphasize interior monologue while neglecting less conspicuous narrative strategies, and it disputes the adequacy of a narrowly defined “initial style.”\"},{\"question\":\"How does the mediation concept relate to different ways of presenting speech and thought?\",\"answer\":\"It outlines a scale of mediation from direct speech through discours indirect libre, reported/indirect speech, and finally speech or thought report, where the degree of mediation varies.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is the “initial style” concept considered problematic in the paper?\",\"answer\":\"Because early episodes are often used merely as reference points, the definition risks obscuring narrative developments and producing results that are out of step with the novel’s actual evolution.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper interpret the relationship between narrative and character styles?\",\"answer\":\"It distinguishes authorial (narratorial) idiom from characters’ style(s), explaining how figural idiom can intrude into narrative proper via narrated perception, and how irony may heighten narrative telling and distanciation.\"}]","Narrative and Its Development in “Ulysses” | PDF",1791273717,42]