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Systemic drug interventions often bring limitations and toxicities, motivating alternative strategies using natural bioactive compounds delivered as nanoformulations such as nanoquercetin (nQ). Extracellular vesicle (EVs)-based nQ delivery enables targeted cargo transport and synergistically dysregulates key pathways relevant to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/nanoquercetin-and-extracellular-vesicles-as-potential-anticancer-therapeutics-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma/339163/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/nanoquercetin-and-extracellular-vesicles-as-potential-anticancer-therapeutics-in-hepatocellular-carcinoma/339163.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ava Thompson","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are nanoformulations like nanoquercetin considered alternatives to conventional anticancer drugs?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Conventional drug-based interventions can be limited by systemic toxicities and other drawbacks. Nanoformulations aim to overcome these limitations.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do extracellular vesicles contribute to nanoquercetin-based therapy for HCC?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"EVs-based delivery targets the cargo of nanoquercetin and can synergistically regulate multiple signaling pathways involved in hepatocellular carcinoma.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which signaling pathways and targets are highlighted as being regulated by EVs-based nanoquercetin delivery?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The document highlights pathway regulation including NF-κB, p53, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/AKT, along with PBX3/ERK1/2/CDK2 and miRNAs.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},339163,1790363003,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36},1649267921044,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1800007509477c92dfb?_k=1786009248482753345","cells  \nReview  \nNanoquercetin and Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Anticancer Therapeutics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma  \nAlok Raghav and Goo Bo Jeong *  \nCitation: Raghav, A.; Jeong, G.B. Nanoquercetin and Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Anticancer Therapeutics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2024, 13, 638 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)cells13070638  \nAcademic Editor: Christian Neri  \nReceived: 29 November 2023  \nRevised: 1 April 2024  \nAccepted: 4 April 2024  \nPublished: 5 April 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 155 Getbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea; [alokalig@gachon.ac.kr](alokalig@gachon.ac.kr)  \n* Correspondence: [to: gbjeong@gachon.ac.kr](to: gbjeong@gachon.ac.kr)  \nAbstract: Despite world-class sophisticated technologies, robotics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning approaches, cancer-associated mortalities and morbidities have shown continuous increments posing a healthcare burden. Drug-based interventions were associated with systemic toxicities and several limitations. Natural bioactive compounds derived nanoformulations, especially nanoquercetin (nQ), are alternative options to overcome drug-associated limitations. Moreover, the EVs-based cargo targeted delivery of nQ can have enormous potential in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) . EVs-based nQ delivery synergistically regulates and dysregulates several pathways, including NF-κB, p53, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/AKT, along with PBX3/ERK1/2/CDK2, and miRNAs intonation. Furthermore, discoveries on possible checkpoints of anticancer signaling pathways were studied, which might lead to the development of modified EVsinfused with nQ for the development of innovative treatments for HCC. In this work, we abridged the control of such signaling systems using a synergetic strategy with EVs and nQ. The governing roles of extracellular vesicles controlling the expression of miRNAs were investigated, particularly in relation to HCC.  \nKeywords: quercetin nanoparticles; extracellular vesicles; hepatocellular carcinoma; therapeutic targets; inhibitors; delivery  \n1. Background  \nLiver cancer ranks sixth as one of the most prevalent worldwide cancers, and 90% of liver cancers arise from HCC [1,2] . Hepatitis B and C, obesity, and excessive alcohol consumption are known risk factors for the progression of HCC [3] . Among these risks, hepatitis B alone is an important risk factor for cancer, accounting for nearly half of the cases [4,5] . Moreover, western countries showed an increased trend of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) caused by metabolic diseases, adding to the risk of HCC development [6,7] . It was observed that older patients presented a greater number of NAFLD-related HCC than virus-concomitant HCC [8] . Patients with time-associated gut microbe population modification who have NAFLD are also thought to have a significant risk of developing HCC [9] .  \nLiver cancer is one of the primary cancers with a high death rate, as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO), with an expected mortality of 0.83 million by the year 2020 [10] . HCC accounted for half a million mortalities and nearly more than half a million new cases in 2020 in Asia [11,12], with an increased trend in males compared to females. Furthermore, liver cancer had the seventh-highest incidence and sixth-highest deaths by the year 2020 in Asian women [10] . The average annual change (AAPC) in South Korea (−2.2%), Japan, China (−1.6%), and the Philippines (−1.7%) showed a decrease in li","cbCainCCRKEoEhGD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainCCRKEoEhGD","pdf",2390369,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Background","[{\"question\":\"Why are nanoformulations like nanoquercetin considered alternatives to conventional anticancer drugs?\",\"answer\":\"Conventional drug-based interventions can be limited by systemic toxicities and other drawbacks. Nanoformulations aim to overcome these limitations.\"},{\"question\":\"How do extracellular vesicles contribute to nanoquercetin-based therapy for HCC?\",\"answer\":\"EVs-based delivery targets the cargo of nanoquercetin and can synergistically regulate multiple signaling pathways involved in hepatocellular carcinoma.\"},{\"question\":\"Which signaling pathways and targets are highlighted as being regulated by EVs-based nanoquercetin delivery?\",\"answer\":\"The document highlights pathway regulation including NF-κB, p53, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and PI3K/AKT, along with PBX3/ERK1/2/CDK2 and miRNAs.\"}]","Nanoquercetin and Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Anticancer Therapeutics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma | PDF",1790028339]