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Their relevance to breast cancer care arises from shortcomings of conventional therapy, including systemic toxicity, limited bioavailability, and multidrug resistance. NEs enable passive and active tumor targeting, improve hydrophobic drug solubility, and sustain controlled release. The review further examines formulation methods, stability optimization, predictive modeling of droplet behavior, and preclinical effects on tumor microenvironments, apoptosis, and angiogenesis, emphasizing needs for clinical translation and scalable multifunctional designs.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/nanoemulsions-based-therapeutic-strategies-enhancing-targeted-drug-delivery-against-breast-cancer-cells/370544/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/nanoemulsions-based-therapeutic-strategies-enhancing-targeted-drug-delivery-against-breast-cancer-cells/370544.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Maya Linwood","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why are nanoemulsions considered promising for breast cancer treatment?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"They offer targeted drug delivery, reduce off-target effects, improve solubility of hydrophobic drugs, and support sustained controlled release, helping address systemic toxicity and resistance seen in conventional therapies.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How do nanoemulsions target breast tumors?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"They can target tumors through passive mechanisms such as enhanced permeability and retention, and through active strategies using ligand-functionalized surfaces.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What does the review cover regarding nanoemulsion development?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It analyzes formulation techniques (e.g., ultrasonication, phase inversion temperature, bubble bursting), stability optimization via surfactant dynamics, and predictive modeling of droplet behavior.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},370544,1790270954,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":41,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962084928432,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","International Journal of Nanomedicine  \n Open Access Full Text Article  \nREVIEW  \nNanoemulsions Based Therapeutic Strategies: Enhancing Targeted Drug Delivery against Breast Cancer Cells  \nZahra Izadiyan 1 , Thomas J Webster 2–4 , Pooneh Kia 5 , Katayoon Kalantari 6 , Misni Misran 1 , Elisa Rasouli 7 , Zahra Maghareh Esfahan8 , Kamyar Shameli 9  \n1Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2School of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Engineering, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; 4Division of Pre-College and Undergraduate Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; 5Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 6Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; 7Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; 8Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 9School of Medicine, Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany  \nCorrespondence: Zahra Izadiyan; Kamyar Shameli, Email [zahra_izadiyan@yahoo.com.my](zahra_izadiyan@yahoo.com.my); [kamyarshameli@gmail.com](kamyarshameli@gmail.com)  \n\n| Abstract: Nanoemulsions (NEs), colloidal systems of nanoscale droplets (~100 nm), have emerged as transformative tools in oncology due to their high surface area-to-volume ratio, tunable physicochemical properties, and capacity for targeted drug delivery. While NEs find applications across diverse fields, their urgency in breast cancer therapy stems from critical limitations of conventional treatments, including systemic toxicity, poor bioavailability, and multidrug resistance. Unlike traditional chemotherapeutics, NEs enable precise tumor targeting via passive mechanisms (eg, enhanced permeability and retention effect) and active strategies (eg, ligand-functionalized surfaces), significantly reducing off-target effects. Their ability to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs, improve solubility, and sustain controlled release enhances therapeutic efficacy while overcoming resistance mechanisms prevalent in aggressive breast cancer subtypes, such as triple-negative and HER2-positive tumors. This review comprehensively analyzes NE formulation techniques (eg, ultrasonication, phase inversion temperature, bubble bursting), stability optimization through surfactant dynamics, and predictive modeling of droplet behavior. A focal point is their role in modulating tumor microenvironments, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis in preclinical breast cancer models. By spotlighting NE-driven advancements in drug accumulation, reduced relapse rates, and adaptable combination therapies, this article underscores their potential to revolutionize oncology. Future research must prioritize clinical translation, scalability, and multifunctional NE designs to address unmet needs in precision breast cancer treatment.\u003Cbr>Keywords: nanoemulsions, targeted drug delivery, breast cancer therapy, nanoscale droplets, tumor microenvironment |\n| --- |\n| Introduction\u003Cbr>Cancer is one of the most serious diseases threatening human health and remains a leading cause of death worldwide. It significantly reduces life expectancy, making it a major public health and economic burden across all nations.1 Currently, cancer accounts for nearly 16. 8% of all global deaths and contributes to over 22. 8% of all mortality cases.1 Among individuals aged 30–69, it is responsible for 30.3% of premature deaths and ranks as one of the top three causes of mortality in 177 out of 183 countries.2 Beyond its impact on longevity, cancer imposes substantial macroeconomic and societal costs, varying by type, region, and gender.3 A 2020 study revealed the significant impact of cancer mortality on women, reporting that nearly one million children lost their mothers to cancer, with","cbCaikiXguwzT4Yi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikiXguwzT4Yi","pdf",5598785,"English","# Introduction\n# Nanoemulsions for targeted therapy\n# Formulation and stability strategies\n# Tumor microenvironment and therapeutic effects\n# Conclusion and future directions","[{\"question\":\"Why are nanoemulsions considered promising for breast cancer treatment?\",\"answer\":\"They offer targeted drug delivery, reduce off-target effects, improve solubility of hydrophobic drugs, and support sustained controlled release, helping address systemic toxicity and resistance seen in conventional therapies.\"},{\"question\":\"How do nanoemulsions target breast tumors?\",\"answer\":\"They can target tumors through passive mechanisms such as enhanced permeability and retention, and through active strategies using ligand-functionalized surfaces.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the review cover regarding nanoemulsion development?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes formulation techniques (e.g., ultrasonication, phase inversion temperature, bubble bursting), stability optimization via surfactant dynamics, and predictive modeling of droplet behavior.\"}]","Nanoemulsions Based Therapeutic Strategies: Enhancing Targeted Drug Delivery against Breast Cancer Cells | PDF",1790189063,76]