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Design: Retrospective and prospective case series conducted in an emergency/referral hospital. Measurements: Dogs with compatible history, clinical signs, radiographs, and positive upper respiratory PCR from Aug 15–Sep 9, 2023 were included; M. cynos alone in 8 and with Bordetella bronchiseptica in 5; no viral causes detected. Doxycycline, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, and fluoroquinolones were commonly prescribed for ≥2 weeks. Follow-up continued to 1 week after cough resolution, radiographic improvement, or death; 12 survived, 1 was euthanized.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mycoplasma-cynos-associated-canine-infectious-respiratory-disease-complex-pneumonia-in-13-dogs/456160/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/mycoplasma-cynos-associated-canine-infectious-respiratory-disease-complex-pneumonia-in-13-dogs/456160.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"How were the 13 dogs selected for the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Dogs were included if history, clinical signs, and radiographs were consistent with CIRDC-associated pneumonia and they had a positive upper respiratory PCR during the cluster period from August 15, 2023 to September 9, 2023.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which pathogens were detected in the airways of the included dogs?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Mycoplasma cynos was the sole detected pathogen in eight dogs, while Mycoplasma cynos and Bordetella bronchiseptica were detected together in five dogs. No viral etiologies were detected in this sample.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What treatments and outcomes were reported?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Doxycycline, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, and fluoroquinolones were frequently prescribed for at least 2 weeks. Follow-up showed 12 dogs survived and 1 was euthanized.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},456160,1791128692,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care  \n PROSPECTIVE STUDY   \nMycoplasma cynos-Associated Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex Pneumonia in 13 Dogs  \nDanielle M. Williams   \nVCA Highlands Ranch Animal Specialty and Emergency Center, Highlands Ranch, Colorado, USA Correspondence: Danielle M. Williams ([danielle.williams@vca.com](danielle.williams@vca.com))  \nReceived: 5 December 2023  Revised: 22 September 2024  Accepted: 2 October 2024  \nKeywords: antimicrobial | dog | infectious disease | noncardiogenic  \nABSTRACT  \nObjective: To report the diagnostic results, treatments, and outcomes in 13 dogs with suspected canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC)-associated pneumonia and Mycoplasma cynos–positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) .  \nDesign: Retrospective and prospective case series.  \nSetting: Emergency and referral hospital.  \nAnimals: Thirteen client-owned dogs with suspected CIRDC-associated pneumonia and a positive PCR.  \nInterventions: None.  \nMeasurements and Main Results: All dogs with history, clinical signs, and radiographs consistent with CIRDC-associated pneumonia and a positive upper respiratory PCR that presented during a cluster from August 15, 2023, to September 9, 2023, were retrospectively and prospectively included in the series. Among the 13 dogs included, M. cynos was the sole pathogen detected in the airways of eight dogs, while M. cynos and Bordetella bronchiseptica were detected in five dogs. No viral etiologies were detected in this sample. Doxycycline, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, and fluoroquinolones were frequently prescribed for ≥2 weeks. Followup was performed until 1 week after resolution of cough, evidence of radiographic resolution, or death of the dog. Twelve dogs survived, and one was euthanized.  \nConclusions: Mycoplasma cynos was detected as the sole or co-occurring infection during this 3-week period, indicating it maybe an important agent in some CIRDC clusters.  \n1  Introduction  \nCanine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), or kennel cough, can be easily spread and can present with a complex etiology. Outbreaks occur when dogs are housed closely together in kennels, shelters, daycare facilities, or other high-density dog locations. Some pathogens maybe spread through fomites such as shared water bowls or toys [1] . Canine hosts may be infected with bacteria or viruses through saliva, urine, or aerosol transmission.  \nCoinfections may also occur. Bacterial organisms associated with CIRDC include Bordetella bronchiseptica, Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus, and Mycoplasma cynos. Associated viral organisms include canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), canine parainfluenzavirus (CPIV), canine influenzavirus, canine herpes virus (CHV), canine distemper virus (CDV), canine pneumovirus, and canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) . Historically, B. bronchiseptica has been identified as the primary bacterial disease pathogen in CIRDC [2–6], while CPIV, CAV-2, and CHV have  \n\n| Abbreviations: CAV-2, canine adenovirus type 2; CDV, canine distemper virus; CHV, canine herpes virus; CIRDC, canine infectious respiratory disease complex; CPIV, canine parainfluenza virus; CRCoV, canine respiratory coronavirus; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; TTWF, transtracheal wash fluid.\u003Cbr>|\n| --- |\n| This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.\u003Cbr>© 2025 The Author(s) . Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society. |\n\nJournal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, 2025; 35:696–701 696 of 701  \n[https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.70042](https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.70042)  \nbeen the main reported viral causes [4] . These agents, when coinfected with M. cynos, may cause more severe diseases in hosts [7] .  \nMycoplasma","cbCaip7qThCcXGMS","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaip7qThCcXGMS","pdf",217874,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"How were the 13 dogs selected for the study?\",\"answer\":\"Dogs were included if history, clinical signs, and radiographs were consistent with CIRDC-associated pneumonia and they had a positive upper respiratory PCR during the cluster period from August 15, 2023 to September 9, 2023.\"},{\"question\":\"Which pathogens were detected in the airways of the included dogs?\",\"answer\":\"Mycoplasma cynos was the sole detected pathogen in eight dogs, while Mycoplasma cynos and Bordetella bronchiseptica were detected together in five dogs. No viral etiologies were detected in this sample.\"},{\"question\":\"What treatments and outcomes were reported?\",\"answer\":\"Doxycycline, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, and fluoroquinolones were frequently prescribed for at least 2 weeks. Follow-up showed 12 dogs survived and 1 was euthanized.\"}]","Mycoplasma cynos-Associated Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease Complex Pneumonia in 13 Dogs | PDF",1790745251,15]