[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-600190-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-600190-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","music-education-and-the-aging-brain","Music Education and the Aging Brain","","A literature review examines how music education may influence the aging brain across the lifespan, focusing on cognition and neuroanatomy of aging, brain changes tied to training, and proposed theories explaining these effects. It synthesizes evidence on music education, cognition, and neurobiological mechanisms, reviews existing music programs, and outlines educational implications. Themes are positioned as a basis for advocating music education for older adults in classrooms, universities, and healthcare settings.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/music-education-and-the-aging-brain/600190/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/music-education-and-the-aging-brain/600190.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"RuangKosong","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main purpose of the literature review on music education and aging?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To provide a comprehensive scope for understanding the effects of music education on the aging brain, including cognition, neuroanatomy, brain changes, and educational implications.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How is executive functioning described in relation to aging?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Executive functioning is defined as mental processes supporting concentration such as self-control, attention, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, which decline and affect daily living and quality of life.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Why is defining the “aging adult” challenging across studies?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Because studies use different age group cutoffs, since cognitive and brain decline may begin earlier than the commonly cited thresholds, leading to varied categorization.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},600190,1792209792,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090883219,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Contributions to Music Education Vol. 47 (2022), pp. 81-103.  \nPatriCia izBiCKi  \nIowa State University Christina l. sveC Iowa State University  \nMusic Education and the Aging Brain  \nAs music teachers, a large percentage of our clients are children and young adults  . Researchers from the field of neuroscience and the aging brain have demonstrated that music education may benefit the brain and cognition throughout a person’s lifespan  .  \nThus, the purpose of the current review of literature is to provide a comprehensive scope through which to view the effects of music education on the aging brain  . Specifically, cognition and neuroanatomy of aging, music education and cognition in aging, music education and brain changes in aging, proposed theories of these changes, existing music programs, and implications for music education will be discussed  . Music educators can use these themes to advocate and promote music education of older adults in classrooms, universities, and healthcare settings  .  \nKeywords: aging, neuroscience, music training, brain health  \nIntroduction  \nExecutive functioning is a component of cognition that Diamond (2013) defined as the variety of mental processes involved with concentration such as selfcontrol, attention, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Executive function is involved in important daily activities throughout a person’s lifespan such as bathing, dressing, eating, medication adherence, housework, driving, and complex financial decision making (Bangma et al. 2017; Bell-McGinty et al. 2002; CahnWeiner et al. 2002; Insel et al. 2006) . As one ages, the loss of ability to complete daily living activities has resulted in the need for dependent care in older adults, which can be costly and can influence quality of life (Chatterji et al. 2015; Harper 2014). Therefore, executive function may be an important indicator of quality of life in older adults (Ryan and Smith 2009) . Furthermore, with a projected increase to more than 2 billion in the population of older adults over age 60 in 2050 (United Nations 2013), there is a pressing need to develop effective strategies that  \nContributions to Music Education  \nimprove executive function, and, in turn, quality of life. Previous music experience and even music training as an older adult may be a viable, engaging, and costeffective alternative strategy for preserving brain health (Walworth 2005) .  \nAlthough several reviews consist of information about music training in older adults and its benefits on cognition and executive function (Diaz et al. 2019; Jordan 2019; Sutcliffe et al. 2020), there are no reviews to our knowledge that consist of information regarding cognition and brain mechanisms of music training in the aging brain and their educational implications. Furthermore, understanding brain mechanisms of music interventions is a key mission of the National Institutions of Health Sound Health Initiative (Cheever et al. 2018). Thus, the purpose of the current review of literature is to provide a comprehensive neuroscientific and educational scope through which to view the effects of music education on the aging brain. Addressed topics include a brief summary of cognition and the aging brain, the effect of music education on cognition and neuroanatomy, music education and cognition in aging, music education and brain changes in aging, proposed theories of these changes, existing music programs, and implications for music education.  \nDefining the aging adult has been problematic across studies including within the current paper. Although The World Health Organization (2021) and National Institute on Aging (2020) have defined aging adults as early 60 years and older, age group cutoffs varied greatly across studies likely given that decline begins earlier. Reductions in brain volume (i.e., brain atrophy) begin in our 40s and have tended to decline at a rate of approximately 5% until age 70 (where decline accelerates) (Peters 2006). Addition","cbCaihxhAC0l0jRM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihxhAC0l0jRM","pdf",137211,23,"English","# Introduction\n## Executive functioning and quality of life\n# Defining the aging adult\n## Age cutoffs and brain atrophy rates\n# A Brief Summary of Cognition and the Brain in Aging","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the literature review on music education and aging?\",\"answer\":\"To provide a comprehensive scope for understanding the effects of music education on the aging brain, including cognition, neuroanatomy, brain changes, and educational implications.\"},{\"question\":\"How is executive functioning described in relation to aging?\",\"answer\":\"Executive functioning is defined as mental processes supporting concentration such as self-control, attention, working memory, and cognitive flexibility, which decline and affect daily living and quality of life.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is defining the “aging adult” challenging across studies?\",\"answer\":\"Because studies use different age group cutoffs, since cognitive and brain decline may begin earlier than the commonly cited thresholds, leading to varied categorization.\"}]","Music Education and the Aging Brain | PDF",1792090205,58]