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It focuses on Social, economic and law sciences and Education (teacher training and educational sciences). Online questionnaire data collected from February to April 2023 includes 194 respondents from the Slovak, Czech, and Hellenic Republics, analyzed with contingency tables and descriptive statistics using Jamovi and MS Excel.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/multivariance-of-learning-styles-and-educational-methods-applied-in-formal-university-education/585988/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/multivariance-of-learning-styles-and-educational-methods-applied-in-formal-university-education/585988.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jordan Avery","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main aim of the research paper?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To identify types of learners based on Fleming’s VARK learning styles and selected learning models applicable in formal university education.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which fields of study does the paper focus on?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It focuses on Social, economic and law sciences and on Education (Teacher Training and Educational Sciences).",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How were the questionnaire data analyzed?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Online questionnaire responses from February to April 2023 were processed with statistical methods, using Jamovi and MS Excel, and analyzed with contingency tables and descriptive statistics.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},585988,1792056535,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},1099523882367,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","MULTIVARIANCE OF LEARNING STYLES AND EDUCATIONAL METHODS APPLIED IN FORMAL UNIVERSITY EDUCATION  \nAssoc. Prof. Dr. Marta 1  \nAssoc. Prof. Daniela Breveníková2  \n1, 2 University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovak Republic  \nABSTRACT  \nThe aim of the research paper is to identify types of learners based on the Fleming VARK learning styles and selected learning models applicable in formal university education. The focus is on two higher education fields of study, namely Social, economic and law sciences (6213 ~~ ~~ Economics and Management) and Education (7605 ~~ ~~ Teacher Training and Educational Sciences) . The introduction contains the explanation of basic concepts of learning styles and selected learning models. The results of questionnaire research distributed online in the period from February to April 2023 are presented in a separate part of the paper. Replies of 194 respondents from three countries (the Slovak Republic, the Czech Republic and the Hellenic Republic) were prevailingly processed by means of statistical methods and then verbally interpreted. Jamovi, Version 4.1 statistical software and MS Excel were used for data processing. To analyse data, we used contingency tables and descriptive statistics. Results of analysisshow  \nindicate the learning style models are mainly applied in the field of study Teacher Training and Educational Sciences. The research paper is written in accordance                 -  \npandemic business management: identifying temporary and sustainable changes in sequential and parallel management functions in the context of the COVID-19  \nKeywords: learning style (LS), educational method, models of learning style, formal university education  \nINTRODUCTION  \nThe aim of the research paper is to identify student typ  VARK learning style model and to explore the applicability of learning style models in formal university education [1] . Learning style /LS) is the manner in which each learners starts to concentrate on new and complex information, processes them, absorbs and retains them (stores them in memory) [2,3] . The interaction of these elements varies with each learner; therefore, it is necessary to determine what it is that with the highest possible probability triggers the concentration of each student, how to maintain it and how to respond to the  \nin long-term memory and retain the content. There are several student types specified on the basis of learning style (VAK, VARK models and others) . The  \nreading/writing, kinesthetic learning styles).We were interested if and to what extent the models of learning described in theory were applied in university formal education. [1], [2], [4]. The applicability of learning models was analysed in terms of fields of study.  \nAims ofthe research paper are formulated in accordance with the objectives ost-pandemic business management: identifying temporary and sustainable changes in sequential and parallel management functions in the context of the COVID-   \nDESCRIPTION OF LEARNER TYPES AND LEARNING MODELS  \nFor the needs of empirical analyses, we apply the classification of learners according to sensory preferences, developed by Fleming, and marked by the abbreviation VARK [1], which represents the first letters of four English words: Visual, Aural, Read/Write (verbal), Kinesthetic (movement) . Subcategories of this classification include: visual-nonverbal (visual-image) learning style, visualverbal (visual-verbal) learning style, auditory (aural) learning style, and kinesthetic learning style.  \nLearners with the visual-nonverbal learning style prefer sight when learning. Their preferred learning aids are usually pictures, diagrams, graphs, maps, photographs, films, or various symbols. In the text, important parts are distinguished in colour and graphics (arrows, blocks, or circles) . These learners like richly illustrated and structured texts and even create diagrams and concept maps themselves and use them to explain concepts or ideas.  \nVisual","cbCainaLwzsYtKon","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainaLwzsYtKon","pdf",807250,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Description of Learner Types and Learning Models\n## VARK sensory preferences\n## Visual-nonverbal learning style\n## Visual-verbal learning style\n## Auditory learning style\n## Kinesthetic learning style","[{\"question\":\"What is the main aim of the research paper?\",\"answer\":\"To identify types of learners based on Fleming’s VARK learning styles and selected learning models applicable in formal university education.\"},{\"question\":\"Which fields of study does the paper focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on Social, economic and law sciences and on Education (Teacher Training and Educational Sciences).\"},{\"question\":\"How were the questionnaire data analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"Online questionnaire responses from February to April 2023 were processed with statistical methods, using Jamovi and MS Excel, and analyzed with contingency tables and descriptive statistics.\"}]","MULTIVARIANCE OF LEARNING STYLES AND EDUCATIONAL METHODS APPLIED IN FORMAL UNIVERSITY EDUCATION | PDF"]