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Veryaskina 1,2, *, Sergei E. Titov 1,3, Natalia V. Skvortsova 4, Igor B. Kovynev 4, Oksana V. Antonenko 1, Sergei A. Demakov 1, Pavel S. Demenkov 5, Tatiana I. Pospelova 4, Mikhail K. Ivanov 3 and Igor F. Zhimulev 1  \nCitation: Veryaskina, Y.A.; Titov, S.E.; Skvortsova, N.V.; Kovynev, I.B.; Antonenko, O.V.; Demakov, S.A.; Demenkov, P.S.; Pospelova, T.I.; Ivanov, M.K.; Zhimulev, I.F. Multiple Myeloma: Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers with Clinical Potential. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 13404 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)ijms252413404  \nAcademic Editor: Konrad Huppi  \nReceived: 26 November 2024  \nRevised: 10 December 2024  \nAccepted: 12 December 2024  \nPublished: 13 December 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Department of the Structure and Function of Chromosomes, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; [titovse78@gmail.com](titovse78@gmail.com) (S.E.T.); [ovant@mcb.nsc.ru](ovant@mcb.nsc.ru) (O.V.A.); [demakov@mcb.nsc.ru](demakov@mcb.nsc.ru) (S.A.D.); [zhimulev@mcb.nsc.ru](zhimulev@mcb.nsc.ru) (I.F.Z.)  \n2 Laboratory of Gene Engineering, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia  \n3 AO Vector-Best, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia; [ivanovmk@vector-best.ru](ivanovmk@vector-best.ru)  \n4 Department of Therapy, Hematology and Transfusiology, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia; [nata_sk78@mail.ru](nata_sk78@mail.ru) (N.V.S.); [kovin_gem@mail.ru](kovin_gem@mail.ru) (I.B.K.); [depart04@mail.ru](depart04@mail.ru) (T.I.P.)  \n5 Laboratory of Computer Proteomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; [demps@bionet.nsc.ru](demps@bionet.nsc.ru)  \n* [Correspondence: microrna@inbox.ru](Correspondence: microrna@inbox.ru)  \nAbstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells and accounts for approximately 10% of all hematologic malignancies. The clinical outcomes of MM can exhibit considerable variability. Variability in both the genetic and epigenetic characteristics of MM undeniably contributes to tumor dynamics. The aim of the present study was to identify biomarkers with the potential to improve the accuracy of prognosis assessment in MM. Initially, miRNA sequencing was conducted on bone marrow (BM) samples from patients with MM. Subsequently, the expression levels of 27 microRNAs (miRNA) and the gene expression levels of ASF1B, CD82B, CRISP3, FN1, MEF2B, PD-L1, PPARγ, TERT, TIMP1, TOP2A, and TP53 were evaluated via real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in BM samples from patients with MM exhibiting favorable and unfavorable prognoses. Additionally, the analysis involved the bone marrow samples from patients undergoing examinations for non-cancerous blood diseases (NCBD) . The findings indicate a statistically significant increase in the expression levels of miRNA- 124, -138, -10a, -126, -143, -146b, -20a, -21, -29b, and let-7a and a decrease in the expression level of miRNA-96 in the MM group compared with NCBD (p \u003C 0.05) . No statistically significant differences were detected in the expression levels of the selected miRNAs between the unfavorable and favorable prognoses in MM groups. The expression levels of ASF1B, CD82B, and CRISP3 were significantly decreased, while those of FN1, MEF2B, PDL1,","cbCailNtsttSfdGD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailNtsttSfdGD","pdf",1649203,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study on multiple myeloma?\",\"answer\":\"To identify biomarkers that could improve the accuracy of prognosis assessment in multiple myeloma.\"},{\"question\":\"How were microRNAs and gene expression measurements performed?\",\"answer\":\"miRNA sequencing was performed on bone marrow samples, and expression levels of selected miRNAs and genes were evaluated using real-time reverse transcription PCR.\"},{\"question\":\"Which biomarker showed prognostic potential based on the findings?\",\"answer\":\"The complex biomarker involving the CRISP3/TIMP1 expression ratio showed promise as a prognostic marker in multiple myeloma.\"}]","Multiple Myeloma - Genetic and Epigenetic Biomarkers with Clinical Potential | PDF",1789994600]