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It explains why job applicants take tests, how multiple-choice items are structured, and how answers are recorded on standardized answer sheets. 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No part of this manual may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage device or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the City and County of San  \nFrancisco’s Department of Human Resources.  \nThe City and County of San Francisco’s Department of Human Resources is pleased to present this Multiple-Choice Test Preparation Manual. It is designed to provide tips and guidance on how to prepare and take multiple-choice examinations. If you are interested in clerical examinations, you may also want to review our Clerical Assessment Proficiency Handbook. It is available at [http://sfdhr.org/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=17646](http://sfdhr.org/modules/showdocument.aspx?documentid=17646)  \nWhy Do Job Applicants Have To Take Tests?  \nThe City and County of San Francisco wants the best people in government jobs to serve its citizens. It also wants all job applicants to have an equal opportunity to compete for those jobs. Tests are tools that help do both. They identify candidates that qualify to be considered for jobs, and they allow everyone to compete in a fair and equal manner. Because many job applicants often compete for the same job opportunity, test scores are used to separate people on the basis of their qualifications. If a test is good, those who score high are likely to be more successful on the job than those who score low.  \nMultiple-Choice Examinations  \nA wide variety of tests exist. However, this guide will focus only on one type, the multiple-choice test. A multiple-choice test item is usually developed and/or reviewed by an expert in the subject that it covers. It presents an introductory statement, either a direct question or an incomplete sentence. This is followed by four or five response choices, of which only one is correct. The candidate must select the ONE BEST answer from among these choices.  \nSometimes a multiple-choice item will refer to other material in the test. This could be a reading passage, chart, graph, table, report, situation, etc. The candidate must refer to this material in order to answer such questions.  \nCandidates use a pencil to enter their answers on a standardized answer sheet. This is done by completely filling in a circle or box on the answer sheet form that designates the letter that corresponds to their answer choice. Credit is not given for answers improperly marked on the answer sheet.  \nHow Are Tests Developed?  \nA job analysis is the process of studying a job. To create a good test, a job analysis must be done. This involves getting job information from employees who perform the job or their supervisors. The job analysis identifies important job tasks and what is needed (i. e., in the way  \nof knowledge, skills and/or abilities) to perform these tasks at job entry. A test is then designed to measure these important job elements. If a knowledge, skill or ability can be learned after job entry, it is not measured in the test. This is often why certain job areas may not be reflected in an examination.  \nWill The Test Be Difficult?  \nTests are not designed to have “trick” questions. Rather, they try to find out who truly knows a certain topic or who truly has a particular ability. To do this, test items may present several answer choices that appear to be good answers. The best candidates, however, should still be able to pick the best answer from amongst these choices. This is why a test where everyone answers all of the questions correctly is not a good test. Such a test does not show who the better candidates are from the rest. If most people can’t answer most of the test questions, the test is too hard. That isn’t good either. When even the best candi","cbCailgkWkYK4IQG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailgkWkYK4IQG","pdf",883939,15,"English","# Why Job Applicants Have To Take Tests?\n# Multiple-Choice Examinations\n## How Multiple-Choice Items Are Structured\n## How Answers Are Marked\n# How Are Tests Developed?\n# Will The Test Be Difficult?\n# How to Prepare For a Test\n## Dealing with Test Anxiety","[{\"question\":\"Why are job applicants required to take tests?\",\"answer\":\"Tests help identify candidates who qualify and give everyone an equal opportunity to compete fairly. Because many applicants may apply for the same job, scores are used to distinguish qualifications.\"},{\"question\":\"What does a multiple-choice test item look like?\",\"answer\":\"It includes an introductory statement (a direct question or incomplete sentence) followed by four or five response choices. Only one choice is correct, and the candidate selects the single best answer.\"},{\"question\":\"How can candidates reduce test anxiety?\",\"answer\":\"The manual recommends redirecting negative thoughts to more positive thinking and recognizing when unhelpful thoughts appear. It also emphasizes that mild nervousness can motivate, while severe anxiety can disrupt concentration and performance.\"}]","Multiple-Choice Test Preparation Manual - City and County of San Francisco Department of Human Resources | PDF",1789748612,38]