[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-108323-en":3,"doc-seo-108323-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},108323,1649267921044,"Ava Thompson","https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1800007509477c92dfb?_k=1782875107921204101",8,"Research & Report","Mozambique - Poverty Assessment - Poverty Reduction Setback in Times of Compounding Shocks - June 2023","The report analyzes how compounding shocks have reversed poverty reduction progress in Mozambique, with a focus on COVID-19 and the broader 2015–2020 period. It connects lower growth and a tougher economic context to higher poverty levels, highlights geographic disparities, and explains how multiple deprivations constrain household welfare and economic opportunities. It also examines the link between economic growth and poverty elasticity, evaluates inequality trends during the pandemic, and profiles labor market outcomes, including unemployment, underemployment, and child labor.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \n“Poverty Reduction Setback in Times of Compounding Shocks”  \nMozambique  \n—Poverty Assessment—  \nJune 2023  \nPoverty and Equity Global Practice  \nAfrica Region  \nTable of Contents  \nEXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 8  \nINTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................... 11  \nCHAPTER 1: BACK-TO-BACK SHOCKS HAVE ERASED SOME OF THE GAINS IN POVERTY REDUCTION .................... 13  \n1.1 TURBULENT YEARS IN THE RECENT PAST HAVE PUT MOZAMBIQUE ON A LOWER GROWTH TRAJECTORY ....................................13  \n1.2 A MORE CHALLENGING ECONOMIC CONTEXT TRANSLATED INTO HIGHER POVERTY................................................................16  \n1.3 THE UNEVEN DISTRIBUTION OF POVERTY ACROSS THE MOZAMBICAN GEOGRAPHY ...............................................................19  \n1.4 POVERTY CHANGES WERE DRIVEN BY COMPOUNDING SHOCKS .........................................................................................25  \nDocumenting the burden of COVID-19 on poverty ............................................................................................. 25  \nOther shocks during the 2015-20 period are responsible for half of the overall poverty increase ....................27  \n1.5 IN ADDITION TO LOW INCOMES, HOUSEHOLD WELFARE AND ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ARE CONSTRAINED BY DEPRIVATIONS IN MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS..................................................................................................................................................31  \nHuman capital accumulation ............................................................................................................................. 34  \nEducation ........................................................................................................................................................... 34  \nHealth and nutrition ...........................................................................................................................................37  \nAccess to services (water, sanitation and electricity) ......................................................................................... 39  \nHousing conditions and assets ........................................................................................................................... 40  \n1.6 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND POVERTY ...................................................................................41  \nPoverty elasticity and passthrough rates in Mozambique .................................................................................41  \nPoverty outlook ..................................................................................................................................................43  \nCHAPTER 2. INEQUALITY REMAINS HIGH BUT FELL WITH THE PANDEMIC ........................................................... 46  \n2.1 INCOME STATUS AND LOCATION LARGELY EXPLAIN WHICH HOUSEHOLD BENEFITTED FROM THE LOW LEVELS OF GROWTH ............46  \n2.2 AS A SHOCK THAT FELL MORE HEAVILY ON URBAN AREAS, COVID-19 IMPROVED OVERALL INEQUALITY ...................................49  \n2.3 GROWTH, INEQUALITY AND POVERTY ARE INTERTWINED ................................................................................................51  \n2.4: GEOGRAPHY MATTERS FOR POVERTY AND EQUITY OUTCOMES .......................................................................................53  \n2.5 AN UNEVEN PLAYING FIELD FOR HUMAN OPPORTUNITIES AND ECONOMIC CAPABILITIES ........................................................63  \nIntergenerational mobility .......................................................................................................................","cbCaicq0y1JmirhC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicq0y1JmirhC","pdf",5649659,6,1,144,"English","en",105,"# Executive Summary\n# Introduction\n# Chapter 1: Back-to-back Shocks Have Erased Some of the Gains in Poverty Reduction\n## Turbulent Years in the Recent Past Have Put Mozambique on a Lower Growth Trajectory\n## A More Challenging Economic Context Translated Into Higher Poverty\n## The Uneven Distribution of Poverty Across the Mozambican Geography\n## Poverty Changes Were Driven by Compounding Shocks\n## In Addition to Low Incomes, Household Welfare and Economic Opportunities Are Constrained by Deprivations in Multiple Dimensions\n## The Relationship Between Economic Growth and Poverty\n# Chapter 2: Inequality Remains High but Fell with the Pandemic\n## Income Status and Location Largely Explain Which Household Benefitted from the Low Levels of Growth\n## As a Shock That Fell More Heavily on Urban Areas, COVID-19 Improved Overall Inequality\n## Growth, Inequality and Poverty Are Intertwined\n## Geography Matters for Poverty and Equity Outcomes\n## An Uneven Playing Field for Human Opportunities and Economic Capabilities\n# Chapter 3: Profiling the Labor Market: Low Economic Transformation, Low Availability of Productive Jobs\n## Labor Force Participation\n## Unemployment\n## Type of Employment\n## Underemployment\n## Child Labor\n## What Type of Labor Does the Market Demand?\n# Chapter 4: The Fiscal System and Private Transfers Influence Poverty and Equity – In Good and Bad Ways\n## Low-Income Households Are Not Necessarily Better-Off After the Net Effects of Paying Taxes and Receiving Public Transfers Are Considered","[{\"question\":\"Which shocks are highlighted as drivers of higher poverty in Mozambique?\",\"answer\":\"The report highlights COVID-19 and other shocks during the 2015–20 period as key drivers of overall poverty increases. It frames poverty changes as results of compounding shocks that accumulated over time.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report explain differences in poverty across Mozambique’s geography?\",\"answer\":\"It emphasizes the uneven distribution of poverty across Mozambican geography. It links these spatial differences to how shocks and constraints affect regions differently.\"},{\"question\":\"What labor market problems are examined in the profiling section?\",\"answer\":\"The report reviews labor force participation, unemployment, type of employment, underemployment, and child labor. It also assesses what kinds of labor the market demands.\"}]",1784470429,363,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":28},"mozambique-poverty-assessment-poverty-reduction-setback-in-times-of-compounding-shocks-june-2023","",{"@graph":36,"@context":86},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mozambique-poverty-assessment-poverty-reduction-setback-in-times-of-compounding-shocks-june-2023/108323/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-29","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"Which shocks are highlighted as drivers of higher poverty in Mozambique?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"The report highlights COVID-19 and other shocks during the 2015–20 period as key drivers of overall poverty increases. It frames poverty changes as results of compounding shocks that accumulated over time.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How does the report explain differences in poverty across Mozambique’s geography?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"It emphasizes the uneven distribution of poverty across Mozambican geography. It links these spatial differences to how shocks and constraints affect regions differently.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What labor market problems are examined in the profiling section?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"The report reviews labor force participation, unemployment, type of employment, underemployment, and child labor. 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