[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-664719-105":59,"doc-detail-664719-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","morphological-design-of-pdvb-based-particles-research-article","Morphological design of PDVB-based particles - Research Article","","Polymeric microspheres with complex architectures support size exclusion separation, surface reaction platforms, catalysis, and delivery systems. Divinylbenzene-based microparticles are typically produced via precipitation polymerization or template swelling, but combining both approaches with photopolymerization yields new morphology not explained by either method alone. Three template types were prepared by precipitation polymerization, swollen with DVB, photopolymerized, then extracted to reveal submicron hollow cores, insoluble walls, and surface grooves after drying. Corona formation reflects chain transfer and crosslinking during photoinitiation; higher template precrosslinking reduces cavity volume, while mobile polystyrene chains enlarge cavities, enabling model studies of particle interactions and structure formation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/morphological-design-of-pdvb-based-particles-research-article/664719/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/morphological-design-of-pdvb-based-particles-research-article/664719.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"SALUTone","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What experimental strategy was used to create PDVB-based particles with new morphological features?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"The study combined precipitation polymerization and template swelling, then applied photopolymerization to the swollen templates before template extraction.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How were template particles prepared and what template types were synthesized?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Three template types were synthesized by precipitation polymerization: noncrosslinked, slightly crosslinked, and slightly crosslinked with noncrosslinked polystyrene fractions, followed by swelling with divinylbenzene.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What microscopic and SEM observations support the reported particle morphologies?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Light microscopy tracked particle size changes, while SEM revealed submicron features including hollow cores, toluene-insoluble walls, and surface grooves attributed to corona collapse upon drying.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},664719,1793268704,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":143},5909897206756,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600152dbe4a7e99502?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1792654152478566863","DOI: 10.1002/nano.202300064  \nRESEARCH ARTICLE  \nMorphological design of PDVB-based particles  \nSilvia Freese1  Gunnar Glasser2  Moritz Susewind3  Ingo Lieberwirth2  Thorsten Hofe3  Ulrich Jonas1  \n1University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany  \n2Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany  \n3 Polymer Standards Service GmbH, Mainz, Germany  \nCorrespondence  \nUlrich Jonas, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, Siegen 57076, Germany. [Email:](Email: jonas@chemie.uni-siegen.de)[ jonas@chemie.uni-siegen.de](Email: jonas@chemie.uni-siegen.de)  \nFunding information  \nZentrales Innovationsprogramm Mittelstand (ZIM) des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) FKZ ZF, Grant/Award Number: 4024604SL6  \nAbstract  \nPolymeric microspheres with complex architectures find application as stationary phases for size exclusion separation, solid supports for surface reactions, catalysis, and delivery systems. The microparticles are commonly made from divinylbenzene by precipitation polymerization or template swelling. Upon combining both methods and applying photopolymerization, we discovered new morphological features that are not solely explicable by the individual processes. Firstly, three types of templates were synthesized by precipitation polymerization: noncrosslinked, slightly crosslinked, and slightly crosslinked with noncrosslinked polystyrene fractions. All template types were swollen with divinylbenzene, which was polymerized by photoinitiation, followed by template extraction. Changes in particle size were tracked by light microscopy, while SEM revealed submicron features like hollow cores, toluene-insoluble walls, and surface grooves from the collapse upon drying of the toluene-swollen corona. Our investigations indicated that the corona results from chain transfer and crosslinking of the template during photoinitiation. Higher precrosslinking of the template reduced the core cavity volume of the extracted particle, while more mobile polystyrene chains led to larger cavities. These architectures are promising model systems for fundamental studies of particle interactions, aggregation, and structure formation in the field of colloidal physics.  \nKEYWORDS  \ncolloidal template, free radical precipitation polymerization, particle architecture, particle swelling, PDVB, photoinitiation  \n1  INTRODUCTION  \nPorous particles are an interesting class of materials for example in the field of size exclusion chromatography (SEC), sorbents, or delivery systems. [1 ]—[9 ] Typically, due to the larger volume demand in such applications, microspheres with dimensions in the 1–1000  \nmicrometer range are favored over nanoparticles (approx. 1–100 nm) . [10–12 ] Yet, the internal structural features enabling such advanced functionalities require the precise design of the particle nanoarchitecture. [13 ] A wide range of preparation methods for polymer particles exists which allow specific control over the particle size, morphology and architecture. [2,14–18 ] On the one hand, the particle size  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \n© 2023 The Authors. Nano Select published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.  \nNano Select 2024;5:2300064 .  \n[https://doi.org/10.1002/nano.202300064](https://doi.org/10.1002/nano.202300064)  \n[wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/nano](wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/nano)  \n1 of 11  \nFREESE et al.  \nFIGURE 1 Comparison of precipitation mechanism versus swelling mechanism. Swelling of polystyrene (PS) particles with (1) styrene (Sty) or (2) divinylbenzene (DVB) and (3) precipitation of polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) chains on PDVB particles.  \ncan be well tailored by precipitation polymerization[19 ] and emulsion polymerization. [20 ] On the other hand, a pore architecture can be introduced by suspension polymerization,[2,17,21 ] which results in polymer parti","cbCaikUtulbKBX4M","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikUtulbKBX4M","pdf",1387995,11,"English","# Abstract\n# 1 INTRODUCTION\n## Porous particle applications and size range\n## Preparation methods: precipitation polymerization and template swelling\n## Template-based routes for PS and PDVB particle architectures","[{\"question\":\"What experimental strategy was used to create PDVB-based particles with new morphological features?\",\"answer\":\"The study combined precipitation polymerization and template swelling, then applied photopolymerization to the swollen templates before template extraction.\"},{\"question\":\"How were template particles prepared and what template types were synthesized?\",\"answer\":\"Three template types were synthesized by precipitation polymerization: noncrosslinked, slightly crosslinked, and slightly crosslinked with noncrosslinked polystyrene fractions, followed by swelling with divinylbenzene.\"},{\"question\":\"What microscopic and SEM observations support the reported particle morphologies?\",\"answer\":\"Light microscopy tracked particle size changes, while SEM revealed submicron features including hollow cores, toluene-insoluble walls, and surface grooves attributed to corona collapse upon drying.\"}]","Morphological design of PDVB-based particles - Research Article | PDF",28]