[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-108672-en":3,"doc-seo-108672-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},108672,7971461740909,"Levi","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Morocco Jobs Programmatic Program Policy Note Overview - Key Findings","Morocco has achieved strong economic progress over the past two decades, improving living standards, doubling per capita income from 2000 to 2019, reducing poverty, and expanding access to basic infrastructure. The COVID-19 shock temporarily halted momentum, though losses in 2020 were largely recovered in 2021 amid a fragile growth outlook. Job creation has not kept pace with a rapidly growing working-age population, leaving a persistent employment shortfall and reinforcing the “middle-income trap.” Structural transformation remains slow, with employment concentrated in agriculture and low-value services, while regional disparities and constraints on private investment further limit productive job growth.","Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized  \nMorocco has made significant economic progress over the past 20 years, which has raised the living standards of its people. Per capita income doubled between 2000 and 2019, while the poverty rate fell to one-third of its 2000 level. Over this period, literacy rates and health outcomes improved, along with access to basic infrastructure such as water and electricity. Labor productivity also improved, driven by a high share of public capital accumulation, though it has been slowing and there is significant scope for improving efficiency.  \nMorocco’s progress was halted by the COVID-19 pandemic, but economic losses in 2020 were largely recouped in 2021; however growth prospects remain fragile. After GDP contracted by 6.3 percent in 2020, Morcco had a relatively strong recovery in 2021 with GDP growing by 7.9 percent, which outperformed its regional peers. The labor market rebounded strongly in 2021 after a substantial contraction in employment in the first year of the pandemic. By the end of 2021, over half of the jobs lost in 2020 had been recovered. However, drought conditions and global political and economic uncertainties underscore the fragility of Morocco’s post-pandemic recovery.  \nEconomic growth over the past two decades has not been labor-intensive enough to absorb the growing working-age population. Between 2000 and 2019, the working-age population grew on average by about 374,000 annually while the economy created an average of 112,000 additional jobs per year, resulting in a large and growing employment shortfall. Morocco’s growth has had a low capacity to create employment compared to many other countries, and this employment intensity of growth slowed after the 2008 financial crisis.  \nIn short, Morocco is struggling to overcome the “middle-income trap.” Despite the growth since 2000, Morocco has not converged further with more affluent middle-income countries. Indeed, the ratio between Morocco’s average GDP per capita and other lower middle-income countries’ GDP per capita, as well as upper middle-income countries, has declined since 2000.  \nLooking forward, there is the possibility of capitalizing on a substantial “demographic dividend” that will last until 2040. The expanding working-age population can be a strong force for economic growth and development. At the same time, more workers increases the challenge to create enough jobs to absorb the growing labor force. As Morocco looks to adopt a jobs-led growth model, it is important to recognize that economic growth itself does not automatically translate into more jobs; structural transformation that drives creation of productive jobs and inclusion of all groups is also needed.  \nThe Royal King Mohammed VI has called for a new inclusive development model. It should reduce regional development imbalances, facilitate inclusion for youth and women, and continue to foster upgrading of workforce skills. To address these labor market issues, which center on social and spatial inequalities, the King has suggested providing nationwide access to education, vocational training, and social welfare programs through coordinated efforts between the public and private sectors.  \nThe environment for creating more and better jobs  \nMoroccan economic growth has been driven by labor productivity gains within sectors but not much by areallocation of labor across sectors. Between 2010 and 2018, 82 percent of the increase in labor productivity was within sectors, as opposed to just 18 percent due to reallocation across sectors. In other  \nwords, for the most part, labor has not moved from low to high-productivity sectors. This represents a significant problem because international experience has shown that labor moving to higher-productivity sectors is crucial for productivity gains and jobs-led economic growth.  \nThus, Morocco’s structural transformation has been slow. The pace of change in the sectoral structure of employm","cbCaikUnnzM3bgzo","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikUnnzM3bgzo","pdf",79857,7,1,5,"English","en",105,"# Labor market and macroeconomic trends\n## Post-pandemic recovery and growth fragility\n# Employment shortfall and structural transformation\n## Low employment intensity of growth\n## Sectoral shifts and productivity constraints\n## Regional disparities in job creation\n# Policy directions for inclusive jobs\n## Education, training, and social welfare coordination","[{\"question\":\"How has Morocco’s economy and social indicators changed from 2000 to 2019?\",\"answer\":\"Per capita income doubled, poverty fell to about one-third of its 2000 level, and literacy and health outcomes improved alongside access to water and electricity.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does Morocco face a growing employment shortfall?\",\"answer\":\"Economic growth has not been labor-intensive enough: the working-age population grew much faster than the number of jobs created, and employment intensity declined after the 2008 financial crisis.\"},{\"question\":\"What limits Morocco’s job creation beyond labor market demand?\",\"answer\":\"Slow structural transformation keeps labor concentrated in agriculture and low-value-added informal services, while private firms face challenges such as skilled labor shortages, regulatory burden, and weak export-driven spillovers.\"}]",1784473123,13,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":28},"morocco-jobs-programmatic-program-policy-note-overview-key-findings","",{"@graph":36,"@context":86},[37,54,69],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/morocco-jobs-programmatic-program-policy-note-overview-key-findings/108672/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":41,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-01","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"How has Morocco’s economy and social indicators changed from 2000 to 2019?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"Per capita income doubled, poverty fell to about one-third of its 2000 level, and literacy and health outcomes improved alongside access to water and electricity.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"Why does Morocco face a growing employment shortfall?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"Economic growth has not been labor-intensive enough: the working-age population grew much faster than the number of jobs created, and employment intensity declined after the 2008 financial crisis.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What limits Morocco’s job creation beyond labor market demand?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"Slow structural transformation keeps labor concentrated in agriculture and low-value-added informal services, while private firms face challenges such as skilled labor shortages, regulatory burden, and weak export-driven 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