[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-442049-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-442049-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","mongolian-terrain-the-mongols-a-mongol-camp","Mongolian Terrain - The Mongols - A Mongol Camp","","An overview of Mongolian terrain, climate, and nomadic life explains how geography shaped society and survival, from desert expanses to mountains, forests, and plains where people lived through harsh winters and hot summers. The text describes Mongol dwellings such as felt tents, hunting and herding practices, and social organization in family groups and confederations. It also traces early contact with settled peoples, trade needs, raids, and the emergence of Temujin as Chingis Khan amid internal conflicts.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/","Literature",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mongolian-terrain-the-mongols-a-mongol-camp/442049/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/mongolian-terrain-the-mongols-a-mongol-camp/442049.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"River Wang","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What natural features of Mongolia are described, and how do they affect life?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Mongolia is described as a high flat land with much desert and a harsh winter and hot summer. The north includes mountains, hills, streams, and forests, making life possible there.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How did the Mongols usually live day to day?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Very few lived in houses or farmed; many lived in forests and hunted or lived in felt tents. They kept animals, roamed the plains for grass, and formed small family groups while moving often.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What role did Temujin play in Mongol history according to the text?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Temujin, better known as Chingis Khan, is presented as the uniting figure for the Mongol people. The narrative outlines his early hardships, later alliances, growing followers, and rise to supreme power by 1206.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},442049,1791311407,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & 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\nMalcolm YappMargaret KillingrayEdmund O'Connor  \nCover design by John Castle  \nISBN 0-89908-005-7 Paper Edition  \nISBN 0-89908-030-8 Library Edition  \n◎ Copyright 1980 by Greenhaven Press,Inc.  \nAll rights reserved.No partof this publication may bereproduced in any form orby any means without theprior permission ofGreenhaven Press,Inc.  \nFirst published in Great Britain 1974 byGEORGEG.HARRAP&CO.LTD◎ George G.Harrap &Co.Ltd 1974  \nCHNCIS KHANANDTHEMONGOLEMPIRE  \nbyMalcolmYapp  \n# Mongolian Terrain\n\nIn 1238 Matthew Paris,a monkin the great abbey of St Albans inEngland,wrote that herrings werevery cheap.This was because themerchants who came every yearfrom the Baltic countries to buyherrings had not arrived that year.Their own countries had beendisturbed by the attacks of astrange people they called Tatars.  \ndesert covers a large part of thesouth.In the north there aremountains,hills,streams,andforests and life is possible there.Even now,life is very differentfrom life elsewhere;in thethirteenth century it was totallydifferent from the life MatthewParis knew in England.  \nVery few Mongols lived inhouses and farmed the soil.Somelived in forests and hunted.Mostlived in tents made of felt,keptsheep,goats and horses,androamed the great plains in searchof good grass for their animals.They were what we call nomads.(D1-4)*  \nIn this way the effects ofhappenings thirty years earlier inremote Mongolia reached distantEngland.What had happened inMongolia was the uniting of theMongol people by a man namedTemujin,better known as ChingisKhan.  \nThe Mongols were hard,toughmen.They had flat faces and thickyellowy skins.They ate meat,cheese and curds(soured milk).Their favourite drink was  \n# THE MONGOLS\n\nMongolia is a high flat land  \nmuch of which is desert.In winterit is bitterly cold:in summerfiercely hot.The fearsome Gobi  \nfermented mare's milk which theycalled kumiss.(D5-7)They likedto get drunk on this.Because their  \n*The reference(D)indicates the numbered documents at the end of this book.  \n# A Mongol Camp\n\nlife was so hard,settled peoplelooked down on them and saidthey were backward.The Mongolsdid not think so.They were proudof their way of life.They thoughtit was the best and freest way tolive.They looked down on farmerswhom they regarded as littlebetter than slaves.  \nMost often the Mongols movedabout in small family groups-aman,his wives,brothers,childrenand grandchildren.Sometimes oneof these ‘extended'families wouldjoin with other families,especiallyfor hunting.Then the Mongolswould ride for many miles,makinga great noise,driving wild animals  \n# A Mongol Tent\n\nbefore them until they reached acentral meeting place.There theanimals were penned andslaughtered to provide meat formonths ahead.  \nSome of the Mongols wereChristians,and some Buddhists;others knew of Islam,but mostof them had their own religionand customs.There were manygods;living in woods,rivers,stones,animals and mountains.The greatest god,Tengri,lived inthe sky.His name-the EternalBlue Heaven-tells us somethingabout the climate of Mongolia.The Mongols were superstitiousThey had witch-doctors or  \nshamans(hence the name of thereligion,shamanism),who toldstories and performed magicaltricks.  \nThe Mongols had some contactswith the people around them.They needed grain,metal goodsand other products from thesettled peoples.Chinese tradersand Muslims from Turkestanbrought such goods to the steppes,as the great plains of Asia arecalled,and exchanged them foranimals and furs.Occasionally theMongols raided other people insearch of loot.It was to keep outsuch raids that the Chinese hadbuilt the Great Wall many yearsbefore.But these raids were noreal danger to China.Only a fewMongols took part.Mostly theMongols fought among themselvesThe Chinese encouraged thisbecause it made the Mongols lessof a nuisance to them.  \nThe Mongols had no politicalunity.Each family looked after  \nA Mongol Woman at her Tent Door  \nMedie","cbCaifWEYXYiFMPG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifWEYXYiFMPG","pdf",2907780,36,"English","# Mongolian Terrain\n# The Mongols\n# A Mongol Camp\n# A Mongol Tent\n# Chingis Khan\n# Mongol Horseman with Killed Game","[{\"question\":\"What natural features of Mongolia are described, and how do they affect life?\",\"answer\":\"Mongolia is described as a high flat land with much desert and a harsh winter and hot summer. The north includes mountains, hills, streams, and forests, making life possible there.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the Mongols usually live day to day?\",\"answer\":\"Very few lived in houses or farmed; many lived in forests and hunted or lived in felt tents. They kept animals, roamed the plains for grass, and formed small family groups while moving often.\"},{\"question\":\"What role did Temujin play in Mongol history according to the text?\",\"answer\":\"Temujin, better known as Chingis Khan, is presented as the uniting figure for the Mongol people. The narrative outlines his early hardships, later alliances, growing followers, and rise to supreme power by 1206.\"}]","Mongolian Terrain - The Mongols - A Mongol Camp | PDF",1790698772,55]