[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-382163-105":59,"doc-detail-382163-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","molecular-regulation-of-prostate-cancer-by-galectin-3-and-estrogen-receptor","Molecular regulation of prostate cancer by Galectin-3 and estrogen receptor","","Prostate cancer is a hormone-dependent disease in which androgen and estrogen signaling shape tumor development and progression toward castration-resistant prostate cancer. Galectin-3, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins altered across many tumors, has mechanisms controlling its expression that remain insufficiently defined. This review summarizes emerging Galectin-3 cancer biology with a focus on prostate cancer, emphasizing interplay with estrogen receptor signaling in androgen-independent cells, and discusses implications for proliferation, migration, invasion, and future therapeutic targets.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/molecular-regulation-of-prostate-cancer-by-galectin-3-and-estrogen-receptor/382163/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/molecular-regulation-of-prostate-cancer-by-galectin-3-and-estrogen-receptor/382163.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Logic","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the central topic of this review?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The review explains how Galectin-3 regulates prostate cancer biology and how it interacts with estrogen receptor signaling in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why is castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) important in this context?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"CRPC frequently emerges after androgen deprivation therapy, and the review highlights the need for new effective drug targets because current targeted strategies have limitations.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What roles might estrogen receptor (ER) signaling play according to the review?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"ER activation can induce molecular mechanisms that may regulate GAL-3 expression and modulate nuclear transcriptional events linked to proliferation, migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},382163,1790754537,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46},1099513958762,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1000023916a998db790?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1784791008015729253","TYPE Review  \nPUBLISHED 03 March 2023  \nDOI 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124111  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nRoger Chammas,  \nUniversity of São Paulo, Brazil  \nREVIEWED BY  \nMauricio Rodriguez-Dorantes, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico  \nAmado A. Quintar,  \nNational University of Cordoba, Argentina Etienne Audet-Walsh,  \nLaval University, Canada  \n*CORRESPONDENCE Catarina Segreti Porto  \n [csporto@unifesp.br](csporto@unifesp.br);  \n [csegretiporto@gmail.com](csegretiporto@gmail.com)  \nSPECIALTY SECTION  \nThis article was submitted to Translational Endocrinology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Endocrinology  \nRECEIVED 14 December 2022  \nACCEPTED 13 February 2023  \nPUBLISHED 03 March 2023  \nCITATION  \nSouza DS, Macheroni C, Pereira GJS, Vicente CM and Porto CS (2023) Molecular regulation of prostate cancer by Galectin-3 and estrogen receptor.  \nFront. Endocrinol. 14:1124111 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1124111  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2023 Souza, Macheroni, Pereira, Vicente and Porto. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nMolecular regulation of prostate cancer by Galectin-3 and estrogen receptor  \nDeborah Simão Souza, Carla Macheroni, Gustavo Jos´e Silva Pereira, Carolina Meloni Vicente  \nand Catarina Segreti Porto*  \nLaboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil  \nProstate cancer remains the most prevalent cancer among men worldwide. This cancer is hormone-dependent; therefore, androgen, estrogen, and their receptors play an important role in development and progression of this disease, and in emergence of the castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) . Galectins are a family of b-galactoside-binding proteins which are frequently altered (upregulated or downregulated) in a wide range of tumors, participating in different stages of tumor development and progression, but the molecular mechanisms which regulate its expression are still poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the current and emerging knowledge on Galectin-3 in cancer biology with focus on prostate cancer and the interplay with estrogen receptor (ER) signaling pathways, present in androgenindependent prostate cancer cells. We suggest a molecular mechanism where ER, Galectin-3 and b-catenin can modulate nuclear transcriptional events, such as, proliferation, migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Despite a number of achievements in targeted therapy for prostate cancer, CRPC may eventually develop, therefore new effective drug targets need urgently to be found. Further understanding of the role of Galectin-3 and ER in prostate cancer will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer development and the future treatment of this disease.  \nKEYWORDS  \nGalectin-3, b-catenin, ERa, ERb, prostate cancer cells  \n1 Introduction  \nAccording to World Health Organization statistics, about 1.41 million new cases of prostate cancer were detected in 2020 (1) . The androgen receptor (AR) is the main factor in the pathogenesis of this disease (reviewed by 2), and most patients benefit from androgen deprivation therapy, but disease recurrence and the emergence of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are frequent after this treatment (reviewed by 3) . Treatments for  \nFrontiers in Endocrinology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \nCRPC, that prolong the life of the patient, have emerged, including AR pathway inhibitors, radioisotop","cbCaitCGDQQHQnTZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitCGDQQHQnTZ","pdf",972836,"English","# Introduction\n## Structural characteristics, nucleus and cytoplasmic shuttling and functions of the Galectin-3 in cancer","[{\"question\":\"What is the central topic of this review?\",\"answer\":\"The review explains how Galectin-3 regulates prostate cancer biology and how it interacts with estrogen receptor signaling in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) important in this context?\",\"answer\":\"CRPC frequently emerges after androgen deprivation therapy, and the review highlights the need for new effective drug targets because current targeted strategies have limitations.\"},{\"question\":\"What roles might estrogen receptor (ER) signaling play according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"ER activation can induce molecular mechanisms that may regulate GAL-3 expression and modulate nuclear transcriptional events linked to proliferation, migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth.\"}]","Molecular regulation of prostate cancer by Galectin-3 and estrogen receptor | PDF",1790249342]