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Materials & methods: Thirteen patients with breast cancer and CM were retrospectively reviewed; matched primary tumors, lymph nodes, and CM tissues were profiled using next-generation sequencing of 425 cancer-related genes, with immunohistochemistry and survival associations analyzed. Results: CM showed distinct alteration patterns and specific genomic markers associated with shorter time to events. Conclusion: TP53 mutations, PIK3CA mutation, and TERT amplification may serve as biomarkers for poor CM prognosis.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/molecular-alterations-and-prognosis-of-breast-cancer-with-cutaneous-metastasis-research-open-access/342983/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/molecular-alterations-and-prognosis-of-breast-cancer-with-cutaneous-metastasis-research-open-access/342983.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Noah","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-23","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the clinical significance of cutaneous metastasis in breast cancer?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Cutaneous metastasis occurs in about 5–30% of breast cancer patients and is associated with unfavorable treatment responses and poor prognosis.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were molecular alterations measured in this study?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Matched primary tumor, lymph node, and cutaneous metastasis tissues were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (425 cancer-related genes) and immunohistochemistry.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which molecular markers were linked to poor prognosis for cutaneous metastasis patients?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"TP53 and PIK3CA mutations and TERT amplification were associated with inferior outcomes in patients with cutaneous metastasis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},342983,1790146044,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},8796095462418,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780","Xu etal. Diagnostic Pathology (2024) 19:93 [https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-024-01509-x](https://doi.org/10.1186/s13000-024-01509-x)  \nDiagnostic Pathology  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nMolecular alterations and prognosis of breast  cancer with cutaneous metastasis  \nYan Xu 1, Li Ding 1, Chao Li 1, Bin Hua 1, Sha Wang2, Junli Zhang2, Cuicui Liu2, Rongyun Guo2 and YongQiang Zhang 1*  \nAbstract  \nPurpose Cutaneous metastasis (CM) accounts for 5–30% of patients with breast cancer (BC) and presents unfavorable response to treatment and poor prognosis. A better understanding of the molecular alterations involved in metastasis is essential, which would help identify diagnostic and efficacy biomarkers for CM.  \nMaterials : We retrospectively reviewed a total of 13 patients with histological or cytological diagnosis of breast cancer and CM. Clinical information was extracted from the medical records. The mutational landscape of matched primary tumors with their lymph nodes or CM tissues were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 425 cancer-relevant genes. All tissues were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) . The association of prognosis with various clinical and molecular factors was also evaluated.  \nResults More than half of the patients were Ki67 low (\u003C 50%, 53 . 7%) . Most patients (12, 92 . 3%) had other metastasis sites other than skin. The median time from diagnosis to the presentation of CM (T1) was 15 months (range: 0–94 months) and the median time from CM to death (T2) was 13 months (range 1–78) . The most frequently altered genes across the three types oftissues were TP53 (69 . 6%, 16/23), PIK3CA (34 . 8%, 8/23), and MYC (26 . 1%) . The number of alterations in CM tends to be higher than in primary tumors (median 8 vs. 6, P = 0 . 077) . Copy number loss in STK11, copy number gain in FGFR4, TERT, AR, FLT4 and VEGFA and mutations inATRX, SRC, AMER1 and RAD51C were significantly enriched in CM (all P \u003C 0. 05) . Ki67 high group (> 50%) showed significantly shorter T1 than the Ki67 low group (≤ 50%) (median 12.5 vs. 50.0 months, P = 0 . 036) . TP53, PIK3CA mutations, and TERT amplification group were associated with inferior T2 (median 11 vs. 36 months, P = 0 . 065; 8 vs. 36 months, P = 0 . 013, 7 vs. 36 months, P = 0 . 003, respectively) . All p values were not adjusted.  \nConclusion We compared the genomic features of primary breast cancer tissues with their corresponding CM tissues and discussed potential genes and pathways that may contribute to the skin metastasis of advanced breast cancers patients. TP53, PIK3CA mutant, and TERT amplification may serve as biomarkers for poor prognosis for CM patients.  \nKeywords Cutaneous metastasis, Breast cancer, Next-generation sequencing-NGS, Genomic analysis, Prognosis  \n*Correspondence:  \nYongQiang Zhang  \n[zhangyongqiang1992@bjhmoh.cn](zhangyongqiang1992@bjhmoh.cn)  \n1Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China  \n2Geneseeq Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology Inc, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China  \n© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/l","cbCaiglXIcAwGoD6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiglXIcAwGoD6","pdf",3040635,"English","# Abstract\n## Materials and methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction\n## Background on cutaneous metastasis\n## Rationale for genomic profiling\n# Materials and methods\n## Patients and samples","[{\"question\":\"What is the clinical significance of cutaneous metastasis in breast cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Cutaneous metastasis occurs in about 5–30% of breast cancer patients and is associated with unfavorable treatment responses and poor prognosis.\"},{\"question\":\"How were molecular alterations measured in this study?\",\"answer\":\"Matched primary tumor, lymph node, and cutaneous metastasis tissues were analyzed using next-generation sequencing (425 cancer-related genes) and immunohistochemistry.\"},{\"question\":\"Which molecular markers were linked to poor prognosis for cutaneous metastasis patients?\",\"answer\":\"TP53 and PIK3CA mutations and TERT amplification were associated with inferior outcomes in patients with cutaneous metastasis.\"}]","Molecular alterations and prognosis of breast cancer with cutaneous metastasis - Research Open Access | PDF",1790049239,23]