[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-109145-en":3,"doc-seo-109145-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":93},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},109145,687197100911,"Himbo","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1785132997149421697",8,"Research & Report","Moldova - Poverty Assessment Boosting Access to Opportunities and Strengthening Resilience","This report examines how poverty reduction in Moldova has stalled as traditional economic drivers weaken and structural challenges persist. It analyzes poverty trends shaped largely by shocks from 2019 to 2022 and identifies who the poor are to support better targeting. The document highlights rural livelihoods constraints, labor market barriers for women, youth, older workers, and people with disabilities, and cross-cutting issues such as low jobs, wages, and skills. It also assesses energy vulnerability and policy responses while noting limited energy-efficient upgrades among poor households.","Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized Pub lic Disclosure Authorized  \nJune 2024  \n© 2025 The World Bank  \n1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433  \nTelephone: 202-473-1000; [Internet: www.worldbank.org](Internet: www.worldbank.org)  \nSome rights reserved  \nThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank orthe governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.  \nRights and Permissions  \nThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.  \nAttribution  \nAll queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [pubrights@ worldbank.org](pubrights@ worldbank.org).  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nAcknowledgements List of Abbreviations  \nOverview  \nOnce strong poverty reduction has stalled as its traditional economic drivers moderate. Long-standing structural challenges and inherent vulnerabilities hamper the transition to a more sustainable model for income generation and poverty reduction.  \nAgainst the backdrop of Russia’s ongoing invasion of Ukraine, Moldova faces the twin challenges of mitigating short-term shocks while pressing ahead with broader structural reforms that will re-start poverty reduction.  \nIntroduction  \nData Sources  \n1. Poverty trends and drivers  \nIncome growth among the poor between 2014 and 2018 was driven by pensions and wages but held back by remittances.  \nThe traditional drivers of poverty reduction are proving increasingly unsustainable.  \nTrends in poverty over 2019-2022 were largely defined by shocks. Knowing who the poor are can help target interventions.  \nBoth monetary and non-monetary poverty are predominantly a rural phenomenon.  \n2. Rural Livelihoods  \nResidents in rural areas have worse educational and labor market outcomes.  \nLimited job prospects spur high rates of outward migration among rural youth.  \nAgriculture is the primary source of work for adults in rural Moldova, but the sector is besieged by low returns and high volatility.  \nLimited transport to urban jobs and services and vulnerability to climate shocks are the key constraints to improving livelihoods in rural areas.  \nMoldova’s labor market has high rates of inactivity and informal work and low rates of employment.  \n3. Labor Force  \nCare responsibilities and gender norms hinder women’s participation in the labor force.  \nLimited job prospects and inadequate skills discourage youth from entering the labor force. Low activity rates among the population aged 50-64 are partially driven by institutional factors. People with disabilities cite accessibility challenges and discrimination as barriers to entering the labor force.  \nA lack of jobs, low wages, and inadequate skills are viewed as cross-cutting challenges both by potential job seekers and employers.  \nChildcare shortages, inflexible work arrangements, and skills mismatches are the key constraints to better labor market outcomes.  \nEnergy affordability is a chronic problem in Moldova.  \n4. Energy Vulnerability  \nHigh energy expenditure shares render Moldovans vulnerable to energy price shocks.  \nMoldova’s energy vulnerabilities have been laid bare by recent energy price shocks. The government’s policy response helped soften the direct impacts o","cbCaioZNDzQ33prr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioZNDzQ33prr","pdf",3587196,5,1,86,"English","en",105,"# Overview\n## Introduction\n## Data Sources\n# Poverty trends and drivers\n# Rural Livelihoods\n# Labor Force\n# Energy Vulnerability\n# Conclusion\n# Appendix","[{\"question\":\"Why has poverty reduction in Moldova stalled in recent years?\",\"answer\":\"Poverty reduction has stalled as traditional economic drivers moderate and long-standing structural challenges and vulnerabilities limit progress toward sustainable income generation.\"},{\"question\":\"What primarily shapes poverty trends in Moldova during 2019-2022?\",\"answer\":\"Poverty trends in 2019-2022 are largely defined by shocks, making it important to understand who the poor are for effective targeting of interventions.\"},{\"question\":\"How does energy vulnerability affect poor households in Moldova?\",\"answer\":\"High energy expenditure shares make households vulnerable to energy price shocks; although policy responses softened direct impacts, too few poor households are estimated to have completed energy-efficient upgrades.\"}]","Moldova - Poverty Assessment Boosting Access to Opportunities and Strengthening Resilience | PDF",1784477281,217,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":88,"head_meta":90,"extra_data":92,"updated_unix":29},"moldova-poverty-assessment-boosting-access-to-opportunities-and-strengthening-resilience","",{"@graph":37,"@context":87},[38,55,70],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":54},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/moldova-poverty-assessment-boosting-access-to-opportunities-and-strengthening-resilience/109145/",4,{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":56,"author":57,"headline":13,"publisher":59,"fileFormat":62,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":63,"datePublished":64,"encodingFormat":62,"isAccessibleForFree":65,"interactionStatistic":66},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":58},"Person",{"url":42,"name":60,"@type":61},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-30","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":67,"interactionType":68,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":69},"ViewAction",{"@type":71,"mainEntity":72},"FAQPage",[73,79,83],{"name":74,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":76},"Why has poverty reduction in Moldova stalled in recent years?","Question",{"text":77,"@type":78},"Poverty reduction has stalled as traditional economic drivers moderate and long-standing structural challenges and vulnerabilities limit progress toward sustainable income generation.","Answer",{"name":80,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":81},"What primarily shapes poverty trends in Moldova during 2019-2022?",{"text":82,"@type":78},"Poverty trends in 2019-2022 are largely defined by shocks, making it important to understand who the poor are for effective targeting of interventions.",{"name":84,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":85},"How does energy vulnerability affect poor households in Moldova?",{"text":86,"@type":78},"High energy expenditure shares make households vulnerable to energy price shocks; 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