[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-472922-105":59,"doc-detail-472922-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","module-6-t-tests-applied-research-center-one-sample-t-test","Module 6 - t Tests - Applied Research Center - One Sample t-Test","","Module 6 introduces t-tests as inferential methods for comparing one or two means, then focuses on the One Sample t-test. It explains how to test whether a single variable’s mean differs from a specified constant, including a full workflow: define null and alternate hypotheses, enter data into SPSS, run the analysis (Analyze > Compare Means > One-Sample T-test), interpret the output tables, and decide to reject or fail to reject the null using p-values. A worked example tests an Assignment 1 average against 23 and reports the resulting t, df, and 95% confidence interval before writing up conclusions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/module-6-t-tests-applied-research-center-one-sample-t-test/472922/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/module-6-t-tests-applied-research-center-one-sample-t-test/472922.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Damian","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-09","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of a One Sample t-test?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"A One Sample t-test checks whether the mean of a single variable differs from a specified constant.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How are the null and alternate hypotheses defined in the example?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The null states the mean for Assignment 1 equals 23, and the alternate states it is not equal to 23.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do you decide whether to reject the null using SPSS results?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Use the significance level (typically .05). If p \u003C .05, reject the null; if p > .05, fail to reject it. In the example, p \u003C .001 leads to rejecting the null.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},472922,1791180496,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},137451208677,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","| \u003Cbr>Module 6: t Tests |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| | \u003Cbr>The Applied Research Center |\n\nModule 6 Overview  \n􀀡 Types of t Tests  \n􀀡 One Sample t Test  \n􀀡 Independent Samples t Test  \n􀀡 Paired Samples t Test  \n􀀡 Examples  \nt-Tests  \n􀀡 Used for inferences concerning one or two means  \n􀀡 3 main types:  \n􀀡 One-sample t-test  \n􀀡 Independent samples t-test  \n􀀡 Paired samples t-test  \nOne Sample t-Test  \n􀀡 Used to test whether the mean of single variable differs from a specified constant.  \n􀀡 Example  \n􀀡 A researcher wants to test whether the average IQ score of a group of students differs from 100.  \n􀀡 A stats professor wants to determine whether the average grade on Assignment 1 differs significantly from 23 (anA average).  \nOne Sample t-Test  \n􀀡 Step 1: State the Null and Alternate Hypotheses  \n􀀡 Ho = The average grade on Assignment 1 is equal to 23.  \n􀀡 Ha = The average grade on Assignment 1 is not equal to 23.  \n􀀡 Is this a directional or nondirectional Ha?  \nOne Sample t-Test (cont ʼ d)  \n􀀡 Step 2: Input each student ʼ s grade into SPSS  \n􀀡 Step 3: Run the Analysis.  \n􀀡 Analyze 􀀡 Compare Means 􀀡 One Sample T-test  \n􀀡 Test variable = assign1  \n􀀡 Test value = 23  \n􀀡 Click OK  \nOne Sample t-Test (cont ʼ d)   \nOne-Sample Statistics  \n\n|  | N | Mean | Std. Deviation | Std. Error Mean |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| assign1 | 15 | 21.0333 | 1.54072 | .39781 |\n\nOne-Sample Test  \n\n|  | Test Value = 23 |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n|  | t | df | Sig. (2-tailed) | Mean Difference | 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference |  |\n|  |  |  |  |  | Lower | Upper |\n| assign1 | -4.944 | 14 | .000 | -1.96667 | -2.8199 | -1.1134 |\n\nOne Sample t-Test (cont ʼ d)  \n􀀡 Step 4: Make a decision regarding the null  \n􀀡 M = 21.03, SD = 1.54  \n􀀡 t (14*) = -4.944  \n􀀡 p \u003C .001  \n􀀡 What is the decision regarding the null?  \n􀀡 *14 = df = n-1 = 15-1 = 14  \nOne Sample t-Test (cont ʼ d)  \n􀀡 Using the level of significance = .05, do we reject or fail to reject the null?  \n􀀡 If p \u003C .05, we reject the null  \n􀀡 if p > .05, we fail to reject the null  \n􀀡 According to SPSS, p \u003C .001  \n􀀡 .001 \u003C .05, therefore, we reject the null!  \nOne Sample t-Test (cont ʼ d)  \n􀀡 Step 5:Write up your results.  \n􀀡 The null hypothesis stated that the average grade on Assignment 1 is equal to 23.A one sample t-test revealed that the average grade on Assignment 1 (M = 21.03, SD = 1.54) differed significantly from 23, t (14) = -4.944, p \u003C .  \n001. Consequently, the null hypothesis was rejected.","cbCairuS39IP1ngu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairuS39IP1ngu","pdf",512390,39,"English","# Module 6 Overview\n## Types of t Tests\n## One Sample t-Test\n### Step 1: State hypotheses\n### Step 2: Input data into SPSS\n### Step 3: Run the analysis\n### Step 4: Decide about the null\n### Step 5: Write up results","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of a One Sample t-test?\",\"answer\":\"A One Sample t-test checks whether the mean of a single variable differs from a specified constant.\"},{\"question\":\"How are the null and alternate hypotheses defined in the example?\",\"answer\":\"The null states the mean for Assignment 1 equals 23, and the alternate states it is not equal to 23.\"},{\"question\":\"How do you decide whether to reject the null using SPSS results?\",\"answer\":\"Use the significance level (typically .05). If p \\u003c .05, reject the null; if p \\u003e .05, fail to reject it. In the example, p \\u003c .001 leads to rejecting the null.\"}]","Module 6 - t Tests - Applied Research Center - One Sample t-Test | PDF",1790781641,98]