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Tea compounds show anti-cancer potential and the ability to modulate gut microbiota and their metabolic outputs. This review discusses effects of diverse tea compounds on gut microbes in cancer settings and summarizes connections between modulated bacteria, associated metabolites, and mechanisms supporting cancer intervention.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/modulation-of-gut-microbial-biomarkers-and-metabolites-in-cancer-management-by-tea-compounds/330882/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/modulation-of-gut-microbial-biomarkers-and-metabolites-in-cancer-management-by-tea-compounds/330882.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Maeve","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",16,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why is an alternative and more affordable cancer therapy needed?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Cancer causes substantial clinical and economic burden, and high costs of cancer drug development and clinical trials make many treatments unaffordable. Affordable alternative therapies could broaden access for more patients.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does gut microbiota relate to cancer development and treatment?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Gut dysbiosis occurs during cancer progression, with tumor-promoting bacteria and pathogens arising. Gut microbiota also contributes to cancer-promoting and anti-cancer metabolites, influencing treatment-related outcomes.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What role do tea compounds play in gut microbiota and cancer management?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Tea compounds have been shown to have anti-cancer properties and to modulate gut microbiota and related metabolites. This review focuses on how different tea compounds affect gut microbes in cancer models and how those changes connect to metabolic profiles and cancer intervention mechanisms.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},330882,1790137726,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},5909877438554,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600025385ad2bf12a7?_k=1778553567797529272","Review  \nModulation of Gut Microbial Biomarkers and Metabolites in Cancer Management by Tea Compounds  \nHoi Kit Matthew Leung 1,†, Emily Kwun Kwan Lo 1,†, Fangfei Zhang 1, Felicianna 1, Marsena Jasiel Ismaiah 1, Congjia Chen 1 and Hani El-Nezami 1,2, *  \nCitation: Leung, H.K.M.; Lo, E.K.K.; Zhang, F.; Felicianna; Ismaiah, M.J.; Chen, C.; El-Nezami, H. Modulation of Gut Microbial Biomarkers and Metabolites in Cancer Management by Tea Compounds. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6348. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms25126348](10.3390/ijms25126348)  \nAcademic Editors: Silvia Turroni and Riccardo Masetti  \nReceived: 29 April 2024  \nRevised: 24 May 2024  \nAccepted: 27 May 2024  \nPublished: 8 June 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; lhkm1997@connect.hku.hk (H.K.M.L.); [emilylokwan@gmail.com](emilylokwan@gmail.com) (E.K.K.L.); u3567792@connect.hku.hk (F.Z.); feli19@connect.hku.hk (F.); marsena@hku.hk (M.J.I.); [nedchen2@gmail.com](nedchen2@gmail.com) (C.C.)  \n2 Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland  \n* Correspondence: elnezami@hku.hk † These authors contributed equally to this work.  \nAbstract: Cancers are causing millions of deaths and leaving a huge clinical and economic burden. High costs of cancer drugs are limiting their access to the growing number of cancer cases. The development of more affordable alternative therapy could reach more patients. As gut microbiota plays a significant role in the development and treatment of cancer, microbiome-targeted therapy has gained more attention in recent years. Dietary and natural compounds can modulate gut microbiota composition while providing broader and more accessible access to medicine. Tea compounds have been shown to have anti-cancer properties as well as modulate the gut microbiota and their related metabolites. However, there is no comprehensive review that focuses on the gut modulatory effects of tea compounds and their impact on reshaping the metabolic profiles, particularly in cancer models. In this review, the effects of different tea compounds on gut microbiota in cancer settings are discussed. Furthermore, the relationship between these modulated bacteria and their related metabolites, along with the mechanisms of how these changes led to cancer intervention are summarized.  \nKeywords: tea compounds; cancer; gut microbiota; metabolites; microbiome targeted therapy  \n1. Introduction  \nAccording to the WHO, there were an estimated 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million cancer-leading deaths in 2022 worldwide [1] . Among the cancer-induced deaths, lung cancer (18.7%) was the most death-leading cancer, followed by colorectal cancer (CRC)(9.3%) and liver cancer (7.8%) . Given that cancer remains a major public health concern, advancement in early detection screening, diagnostic technology, and effective therapeutic options are therefore of urgent need [2] . At the same time, an enormous economic burden is posed to healthcare providers and patients in meeting clinical and daily needs [3] . With the high cost of cancer drug development and in particular of clinical trials, cancer drugs are unaffordable to many [4] . Therefore, the establishment of an alternative therapy that is effective and affordable would allow for more cancer patients to be treated.  \nThroughout the development of cancer, the commensal microbiota is disrupted, and the microbiome is altered into a configuration called gut dysbiosis [5,6] . An abundance of pathogens a","cbCaibWu1huSR2TT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibWu1huSR2TT","pdf",1764422,22,"English","# Introduction\n## Cancer burden and need for affordable therapies\n## Gut dysbiosis and gut microbial biomarkers in cancer\n## Microbiome-targeted therapy strategies\n# Tea compounds and gut microbial modulation\n# Tea compounds, metabolites, and mechanisms of cancer intervention","[{\"question\":\"Why is an alternative and more affordable cancer therapy needed?\",\"answer\":\"Cancer causes substantial clinical and economic burden, and high costs of cancer drug development and clinical trials make many treatments unaffordable. Affordable alternative therapies could broaden access for more patients.\"},{\"question\":\"How does gut microbiota relate to cancer development and treatment?\",\"answer\":\"Gut dysbiosis occurs during cancer progression, with tumor-promoting bacteria and pathogens arising. Gut microbiota also contributes to cancer-promoting and anti-cancer metabolites, influencing treatment-related outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do tea compounds play in gut microbiota and cancer management?\",\"answer\":\"Tea compounds have been shown to have anti-cancer properties and to modulate gut microbiota and related metabolites. This review focuses on how different tea compounds affect gut microbes in cancer models and how those changes connect to metabolic profiles and cancer intervention mechanisms.\"}]","Modulation of Gut Microbial Biomarkers and Metabolites in Cancer Management by Tea Compounds | PDF",1789990618,55]