[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-376968-105":59,"doc-detail-376968-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","modeling-brain-and-neural-crest-neoplasms-with-human-pluripotent-stem-cells-review","Modeling brain and neural crest neoplasms with human pluripotent stem cells - review","","Pluripotent stem cells provide human-relevant routes for studying cancer biology, enabling the capture and reactivation of overlapping oncogenic and developmental transcriptomic and epigenetic programs in induced pluripotent stem cells. Advances in brain organoids have improved in vitro recapitulation of brain development and structure, supporting more realistic biomedical modeling. This review surveys recent progress and current challenges in modeling brain and neural crest neoplasms with human pluripotent stem cells, and emphasizes stricter quality control for these systems and the creation of models for rare tumor subtypes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/modeling-brain-and-neural-crest-neoplasms-with-human-pluripotent-stem-cells-review/376968/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/modeling-brain-and-neural-crest-neoplasms-with-human-pluripotent-stem-cells-review/376968.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"WPS_1786070896","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are pluripotent stem cells valuable for studying cancer?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They enable investigation of human-specific disease aspects and allow oncogenic and developmental gene programs with shared transcriptomic and epigenetic signatures to be reactivated in induced pluripotent stem cells.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role do brain organoids play in improving disease modeling?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Brain organoids better recapitulate brain development and structure in vitro, making models more realistic and therefore more suitable for biomedical modeling.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What challenges does the review highlight for human pluripotent stem cell tumor models?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It calls for more rigorous quality control and for developing models targeting rare tumor subtypes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},376968,1790719242,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},549768072016,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Neuro-Oncology  1225   \n25(7), 1225–1235, 2023 | [https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad034 | Advance Access](https://doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noad034 | Advance Access) date 9 February 2023  \nModeling brain and neural crest neoplasms with human pluripotent stem cells   \nCedar Schloo, Lena M. Kutscher  \nAll author affiliations are listed at the end of the article  \nCorresponding Author: Lena M. Kutscher, PhD, Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany (l.kutscher@ kitz-heidelberg.de) .  \nAbstract  \nPluripotent stem cells offer unique avenues to study human-specific aspects of disease and are a highly versatile tool in cancer research. Oncogenic processes and developmental programs often share overlapping transcriptomicand epigenetic signatures, which can be reactivated in induced pluripotent stem cells. With the emergence of brain organoids, the ability to recapitulate brain development and structure has vastly improved, making in vitro models more realistic and hence more suitable for biomedical modeling.This review highlights recent research and current challenges in human pluripotent stem cell modeling of brain and neural crest neoplasms, and concludes with a call for more rigorous quality control and for the development of models for rare tumor subtypes.  \nKeywords:  \npluripotent stem cells | CNS tumors | neuroblastoma | tumor biology | modeling  \nBrain and neural crest neoplasms and their associated treatments strongly impact both life expectancy and quality of life, presenting a significant burden to patients, their families, and healthcare systems. Long-term sequelae frequently accompany survival, including endocrine and metabolic disruptions,1 cognitive impairment, fatigue, cerebrovascular disorders, and neuropathy.2 To understand nervous system tumorigenesis and to develop more effective therapies with reduced side effects, researchers use a variety of preclinical models, including genetically engineered mouse models, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), primary cell cultures, and recently, stem-cell based models.  \nIn 1998, researchers derived the first human embryonic stem cell (ESC) line,3 revolutionizing biomedical research. Because these cells are derived from viable embryos; however, ESC research is constrained by ethical considerations and strict regulations. In 2006, Shinya Yamanaka developed an alternative to ESCs, and his team identified four transcription factors capable of reprogramming adult mouse fibroblasts into an embryonic stem cell-like state.4 Shortly thereafter, he replicated this experiment inhuman fibroblasts, and the human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) field was born.5 Since then, iPSCs have been derived from numerous cell types, including keratinocytes6,7 and peripheral blood cells.8 iPSCs maintain ESC-like pluripotency and have the capacity to generate nearly any cell type of the body.  \nHistorically, iPSC research has predominantly involved culturing cells in 2D monolayers. Recently, the field has shifted toward 3D modeling, using organoids to recapitulate the development of different organs.9 3D organoids facilitate cell-cell interactions and self-organization, increasing the complexity of the model.10 The first cortical organoids were described in 2008 asa “serum-free culture of embryoid body-like aggregates” by researchers inYoshiki Sasai’s lab.11 In 2014, Lancaster and Knoblich published a highly influential protocol for generating cerebral organoids, paving the way for organoids to become a widespread model in neuroscience.12, 13 Building on this foundational research, researchers have developed region-specific organoid protocols for most areas of the developing brain (see Box 1) .  \nBoth ESCs and iPSCs (together simply hPSCs) have been successfully used in brain tumor research to generate new preclinical models, discover key aspects of tumor initiation and progression, and test new drug combinations (Figure 1) . hPSCderived cells have also been used to support the growth of human ","cbCaicUfifcP8XHW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicUfifcP8XHW","pdf",2327500,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Background and rationale\n# Derivation and evolution of pluripotent stem cell models\n## From ESC/iPSC to 3D organoid modeling\n# Applications in brain tumor research\n## Modeling different neoplasm types\n# Human neural development framework for in vitro systems\n## Axes, signaling gradients, and neural crest biology","[{\"question\":\"Why are pluripotent stem cells valuable for studying cancer?\",\"answer\":\"They enable investigation of human-specific disease aspects and allow oncogenic and developmental gene programs with shared transcriptomic and epigenetic signatures to be reactivated in induced pluripotent stem cells.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do brain organoids play in improving disease modeling?\",\"answer\":\"Brain organoids better recapitulate brain development and structure in vitro, making models more realistic and therefore more suitable for biomedical modeling.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges does the review highlight for human pluripotent stem cell tumor models?\",\"answer\":\"It calls for more rigorous quality control and for developing models targeting rare tumor subtypes.\"}]","Modeling brain and neural crest neoplasms with human pluripotent stem cells - review | PDF",1790222427,28]