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It describes how faculty-led shared governance can become insular, limiting leaders’ willingness to act. The brief proposes model state legislation expanding legislative oversight of public universities, including public review of general-education curricula, approval of faculty hiring lines, and annual public vetting of top leaders’ qualifications and civic commitments, citing Texas reforms and constitutional precedents.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/model-legislation-to-reform-faculty-accountability-in-higher-education-issue-brief/585234/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/model-legislation-to-reform-faculty-accountability-in-higher-education-issue-brief/585234.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aria Callaghan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-20","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":81},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the brief identify with higher education governance?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It argues that public universities have too few mechanisms for self-correction and outside accountability, allowing shared governance to become insular and unresponsive when leaders could act.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the model legislation require regarding general education courses?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Governing boards must publicly review, certify, and annually approve all required general-education courses to ensure they are foundational, civically relevant, and appropriate for public investment.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the proposal address faculty governance bodies?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It limits faculty governance bodies to an advisory role, restricts their composition and funding, and requires transparency in their deliberations on curriculum and institutional leadership.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},585234,1792209826,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":81,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},962084926284,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Issue Brief  \nAbout Us  \nThe Manhattan Institute is a community of scholars, journalists, activists, and civic leaders committed to advancing economic opportunity, individual liberty, and the rule of law in America and its great cities.  \nFebruary 2026  \nModel Legislation to Reform Faculty Accountability in Higher Education  \nJohn Sailer  \nDirector of Higher Education Policy  \nManhattan Institute  \nTal Fortgang  \nLegal Policy Fellow  \nManhattan Institute  \nIntroduction  \nIn an interview for the 2022 documentary What Is a Woman,1 psychologist and women’s studies scholar Patrick Grzanka told conservative commentator and provocateur Matt Walsh that he was“really uncomfortable with [the] language of, like, getting to the truth.” Grzanka, a professor at University of Tennessee–Knoxville (UTK), further explained in an eye-opening moment of candor that Walsh’s desire to know the truth sounded “deeply transphobic”and that invoking the word was “condescending and rude.”2  \nGrzanka’s sentiment—while all too common in today’s academy—defies the basic purpose of higher education as a truth-seeking enterprise. Ironically, it is precisely because of this purpose that universities vigorously defend the speech of controversial professors—including Grzanka. But in late 2023, UTK went beyond merely protecting his academic freedom. Grzanka was made the inaugural divisional dean for social sciences.3  \nDid that decision run contrary to the vision of the University of Tennessee Board of Trustees? It doubtless reflects poorly on the university. Yet the board was unable, unwilling, or uninterested in intervening, underscoring a problem endemic in higher education today: public universities have too few mechanisms for self-correction and outside accountability. Moreover, when appointed leaders have the power to act, they often decline to use it. Under the guise of“shared governance”and “faculty autonomy,” our public universities have become insular and sclerotic.  \n Model Legislation to Reform Faculty Accountability in Higher Education  \nThe Manhattan Institute offers a simple proposal: state legislatures should expand oversight of their public universities. With powers clarified by lawmakers and a new mandate to exercise their existing powers, university board members can act as a counterweight to the excesses of university faculty and administrators—specifically, through greater involvement in the hiring of administrators, the approval of faculty lines, and the creation of core curricula. These powers would challenge some conventions of shared governance, but the time is ripe for such a challenge.  \nThe Manhattan Institute’s model legislation reforming higher-ed governance implements these general principles in a few specific ways. It requires governing boards to publicly review, certify, and annually approve all required general-education courses to ensure that they are foundational, civically relevant, and worthy of the public’s investment. It matters who will teach those courses, of course, so governing boards are charged with approving all tenure-eligible faculty job postings after advance public notice. To keep the whole enterprise accountable to the public, top institutional leaders must be publicly vetted, approved, and reviewed annually on their qualifications, and they must be evaluated on their commitment to civic formation and engagement with a wide array of ideas. In Texas, many of the reforms we propose were adopted with the passage of Senate Bill 37 in 2025.  \nTo further expand accountability, the model legislation limits faculty governance bodies to an advisory role, restricts their composition and funding, and ensures transparency in their deliberationson curriculum and institutional leadership. They know a lot about education, and their input should be taken seriously—but ultimately, they are not the cohort the public entrusts to ensure that higher education is aligned with the public interest.  \nThis robust oversight has historica","cbCaitVhykJneut6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitVhykJneut6","pdf",133491,"English","# Introduction\n# Model Legislation to Reform Faculty Accountability in Higher Education\n## Oversight powers and accountability mechanisms\n## Limits of faculty self-governance\n# Historical precedent and governing board authority","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the brief identify with higher education governance?\",\"answer\":\"It argues that public universities have too few mechanisms for self-correction and outside accountability, allowing shared governance to become insular and unresponsive when leaders could act.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the model legislation require regarding general education courses?\",\"answer\":\"Governing boards must publicly review, certify, and annually approve all required general-education courses to ensure they are foundational, civically relevant, and appropriate for public investment.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the proposal address faculty governance bodies?\",\"answer\":\"It limits faculty governance bodies to an advisory role, restricts their composition and funding, and requires transparency in their deliberations on curriculum and institutional leadership.\"}]","Model Legislation to Reform Faculty Accountability in Higher Education - Issue Brief | PDF",1792054125]