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The analysis evaluates potential benefits and risks and identifies key information gaps, drawing on relevant American experience due to limited Canadian literature.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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that access to justice requires more than courts and lawyers?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It states that meaningful access to justice involves pathways beyond simply reaching courts and obtaining representation, and highlights technology as a means to create new routes to justice.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What is the paper’s main contribution regarding legal apps in Canada?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"It provides a preliminary taxonomy of the legal apps available in Canada and identifies approximately 60 apps, describing the range of functions they perform.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What types of functions do the legal apps perform according to the paper?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The apps are described as providing legal information and advice, creating documents, and collecting 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Bouclin and Amy Salyzyn *  \nINTRODUCTION  \nThere is a widely-acknowledged access to justice crisis in Canada. 1 While strategies to address access to justice issues have historically focused on refining established court processes and increasing access to legal representation, scholars and policy-makers have recently recognized that meaningful access to justice requires more than simply access to courts and lawyers.2 For example, technology is now a broadly acknowledged means of creating new pathways to justice.3 Indeed, in 2015, Chief Justice Beverley McLachlin implored the legal profession to ‘‘accept the idea of change”, including the reality that some tasks that have been traditionally performed by lawyers can now be more effectively executed through technological means.4 Similarly, the Canadian Bar  \n*  \n1  \n2  \n3  \n4  \nThe authors are grateful to the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council for its financial support of this project. The research and analysis presented in this paper are drawn largely from an unpublished report by the authors entitled Emerging Technological Solutions to Access to Justice Problems: Opportunities and Risks of Mobile and Web-based Apps, which was submitted to the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council in October 2016 in fulfillment of the requirements of the Knowledge Synthesis granting program. Valuable research assistance was provided by Karin Galldin, Natalya Odorico, Kory Smith, Zaynab Al-Waadh, Tara Hristov and Leah Bowes.  \nSee e.g., Canada, Canadian Bar Association Access to Justice Committee, Reaching Equal Justice: An Invitation to Envision and Act (Ottawa: Canadian Bar Association, 2013) [CBA Equal Justice]; Roderick Macdonald,‘‘Access to Justice in Canada Today: Scope, Scale and Ambitions” in Julia Bass, W.A. Bogart & Frederick H. Zemans, eds., Access to Justice for a New Century: The Way Forward (Toronto: Law Society of Upper Canada, 2005); Jane Bailey, Jacquelyn Burkell & Graham Reynolds,‘‘Access to Justice for All: Towards an ‘Expansive Vision’ of Justice and Technology”(2013) 31 Windsor YB Access Just181[Bailey et al.];Michael Trebilcock, Anthony Duggan&Lorne Sossin, eds., Middle Income Access to Justice (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012) . For further discussion see, Trevor C.W. Farrow,‘‘What is Access to Justice?”(2014)51:3 Osgoode Hall LJ 957 [Farrow]; Kent Roach & Lorne Sossin,‘‘Access to Justice and Beyond”(2010) 60:2 UTLJ 373 .  \nSee e.g., CBA Equal Justice, supra note 1 .  \nChiefJustice Beverley McLachlin,‘‘The Legal Profession in the21st Century”, Remarks,(2015 Canadian Bar Association Plenary in Calgary, Alberta, 14 August 2015), online: [https://malcolmmercer.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/cj-mclachlin-remarks-august-14-](https://malcolmmercer.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/cj-mclachlin-remarks-august-14-)[ ](https://malcolmmercer.files.wordpress.com/2015/08/cj-mclachlin-remarks-august-14-)[2015-2015-cba-legal-conference.pdf. There is also significant interest internationally in](2015-2015-cba-legal-conference.pdf. There is also significant interest internationally in)[ ](2015-2015-cba-legal-conference.pdf. There is also significant interest internationally in)[using technological means to facilitate access to justice. For example](using technological means to facilitate access to justice. For example), [included among](included among)[ ](included among)the recommendations in the American Bar Association’s 2016 Report on the Future of Legal Services in the United States (American Bar Association, 2016) at 41 is a recommendation that state bar organizations ‘‘explore how legal services are delivered  \n230 CANADIAN JOURNAL OF LAW AND TECHNOLOGY [15 C.J.L.T.]  \nAssociation’s Legal Futures Initiative report acknowledged that ‘‘technology is   replacing the traditional lawyer in some areas where routine or predictable matters can be resolved without recours","cbCaiqtCcTvhizYi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqtCcTvhizYi","pdf",254984,35,"English","# Introduction\n## Access to Justice Crisis in Canada\n## Technology as a Pathway to Justice\n## Scope and Purpose of the Paper\n## Preliminary Taxonomy of Legal Apps\n## Benefits, Risks, and Information Gaps","[{\"question\":\"Why does the paper argue that access to justice requires more than courts and lawyers?\",\"answer\":\"It states that meaningful access to justice involves pathways beyond simply reaching courts and obtaining representation, and highlights technology as a means to create new routes to justice.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the paper’s main contribution regarding legal apps in Canada?\",\"answer\":\"It provides a preliminary taxonomy of the legal apps available in Canada and identifies approximately 60 apps, describing the range of functions they perform.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of functions do the legal apps perform according to the paper?\",\"answer\":\"The apps are described as providing legal information and advice, creating documents, and collecting evidence.\"}]","Mobile and Web-based Legal Apps - Opportunities, Risks and Information Gaps | PDF",88]