[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-657265-105":59,"doc-detail-657265-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","mitigation-and-adaptation-studies-class-10-stock-and-flow-models-notes","Mitigation and Adaptation Studies - Class 10 - Stock and Flow Models - Notes","","Lecture notes for Class 10 on stock-and-flow models within Mitigation and Adaptation Studies. The material defines stocks as discrete or continuous state variables and flows as movements of matter, energy, information, or resources controlled by valves between stocks. It explains how flows are modeled using rate or differential equations, introduces key variables such as birth rate and death rate, and shows link relationships like Birth = Birth rate * population and Death = Death rate * population.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mitigation-and-adaptation-studies-class-10-stock-and-flow-models-notes/657265/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/mitigation-and-adaptation-studies-class-10-stock-and-flow-models-notes/657265.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Alexandar","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are stocks in stock-and-flow models?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Stocks are collections of discrete or continuous items. The number (or quantity) in a stock is a state variable.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What are flows, and how are they controlled?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Flows represent movement of matter, things, energy, and information between stocks. They act like valves controlling transfers and can be expressed using rate or differential equations.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do variables and links determine Birth and Death?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Variables such as birth rate and death rate determine flows. Links connect variables to stocks/flows, for example Birth = Birth rate * population and Death = Death rate * population.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},657265,1792976467,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},962090768658,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Mitigation and Adaptation Studies  \nClass 10: Stock and Flow Models  \nContents:  \n-Stocks and Flows  \n-Variables and Links  \n-Stock and Flow Models  \n-Tools  \nStock: a collection of discrete or continuous items.  \nExamples:  \n• a population of animals, people, plants,…  \n• money in an account, airplanes at an airport, cars on a road segment,…  \n• concentration of chemical elements in a medium (e.g. , CO2 in the atmosphere),…  \n• water in a lake, energy in a battery,…  \n• Bytes used on a computer,…  \nThe number of entities in a discrete stock or the quantity of a continuous stock is a “state variable”.  \nFlow: a movement of matter, things, energy, information,…  \nExamples:  \n• animals/people being born or dying, new plants growing, plants being harvested,…  \n• money spent, airplanes leaving or arriving, cars leaving a road segment or entering,…  \n• fertilizers put on a field, CO2 emissions,  \n• water running into a lake or out of it, energy taken out of a battery or put into it,…  \n• Information flowing into a computer or being removed.  \nFlows are the valves that control the movements between stocks.  \nThey can be expressed as rate equations or differential equations.  \nFlow  \nFlow  \nStock  \nBirth  \nDeath  \nPopulation  \nMitigation and Adaptation Studies  \nClass 10: Stock and Flow Models  \nContents:  \n-Stocks and Flows  \n-Variables and Links  \n-Stock and Flow Models  \n-Tools  \nBirth  \nDeath  \nPopulation  \nBirth rate  \nVariables:  \n• Birth rate  \n• Death rate  \nDeath rate  \nBirth rate  \nVariables:  \n• Birth rate  \n• Death rate  \nPopulation  \nDeath rate  \nLinks:  \n• Birth = Birth rate * population  \n• Death = Death rate * population  \nVariable: a quantity that can determine flows and stocks.  \nExamples:  \n• birth rate, survival rate, death rate, predator efficiency,…  \n• energy efficiency,…  \n• absorption rate,…  \n• evaporation rate, temperature, salinity,…  \nLinks: a connection that transmits a number from a variable, stock or flow to another stock or flow.  \nExamples:  \n• the flow “birth” depends on the variable “birth rate” and the number of population in the stock.  \n• the “death” of a prey population depends on the variable “death rate” and the number of prey population (stock), but also on the variable “predator efficiency” and the number of predators (stock) .  \nMitigation and Adaptation Studies  \nClass 10: Stock and Flow Models  \nContents:  \n-Stocks and Flows  \n-Variables and Links  \n-Stock and Flow Models  \n-Tools","cbCaivKTUZrsgdAH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivKTUZrsgdAH","pdf",5720901,29,"English","# Stocks and Flows\n## Variables and Links\n## Stock and Flow Models\n## Tools","[{\"question\":\"What are stocks in stock-and-flow models?\",\"answer\":\"Stocks are collections of discrete or continuous items. The number (or quantity) in a stock is a state variable.\"},{\"question\":\"What are flows, and how are they controlled?\",\"answer\":\"Flows represent movement of matter, things, energy, and information between stocks. They act like valves controlling transfers and can be expressed using rate or differential equations.\"},{\"question\":\"How do variables and links determine Birth and Death?\",\"answer\":\"Variables such as birth rate and death rate determine flows. Links connect variables to stocks/flows, for example Birth = Birth rate * population and Death = Death rate * population.\"}]","Mitigation and Adaptation Studies - Class 10 - Stock and Flow Models - Notes | PDF",73]