[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-377045-105":59,"doc-detail-377045-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","mirnas-potential-as-biomarkers-and-therapeutic-targets-for-cancer","miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer","","MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding messenger RNAs. Dysregulated miRNA expression is linked to many human and canine diseases, and most cancers reviewed show altered miRNA levels relevant to oncogenic processes. Numerous miRNAs are proposed as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, while miRNA-based therapies have demonstrated measurable clinical benefits in different cancers. Insights into miRNA biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms also inform mechanisms such as resistance to chemotherapy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mirnas-potential-as-biomarkers-and-therapeutic-targets-for-cancer/377045/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/mirnas-potential-as-biomarkers-and-therapeutic-targets-for-cancer/377045.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Taylor Morgan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How do miRNAs regulate gene expression in cancer?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"miRNAs bind messenger RNA to induce mRNA degradation or inhibit translation, affecting protein expression. They can also influence transcription by binding promoter regions.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why are miRNAs considered potential cancer biomarkers?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Altered miRNA levels are observed across many tested cancers, suggesting their relevance to oncogenic processes. Circulating exosomal miRNAs can remain stable in blood, supporting biomarker potential.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What role do oncomiRs play in tumor development?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"OncomiRs are overexpressed in tumors and repress tumor-suppressor mRNAs, promoting proliferation and metastasis. They are classified separately from tumor-suppressor miRNAs that inhibit tumorigenesis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},377045,1790471488,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},1099523885336,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Review  \nmiRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer  \nAtonu Chakrabortty 1, Daniel J. Patton 1, Bruce F. Smith 1,2 and Payal Agarwal 1,2, *  \nCitation: Chakrabortty, A.; Patton,  \nD.J.; Smith, B.F.; Agarwal, P. miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer. Genes 2023, 14, 1375. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/genes14071375](10.3390/genes14071375)  \nAcademic Editor: Ilya Ioshikhes  \nReceived: 29 May 2023  \nRevised: 25 June 2023  \nAccepted: 25 June 2023  \nPublished: 29 June 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA;  \n[azc0142@auburn.edu](azc0142@auburn.edu) (A.C.); [djp0031@auburn.edu](djp0031@auburn.edu) (D.J.P.); [smithbf@auburn.edu](smithbf@auburn.edu) (B.F.S.)  \n2 Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA  \n* Correspondence: [agarwpa@auburn.edu](agarwpa@auburn.edu); Tel.: +1-334-844-5556  \nAbstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to messenger RNAs. miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, and their dysregulation is implicated in many human and canine diseases. Most cancers tested to date have been shown to express altered miRNA levels, which indicates their potential importance in the oncogenic process. Based on this evidence, numerous miRNAs have been suggested as potential cancer biomarkers for both diagnosis and prognosis. miRNA-based therapies have also been tested in different cancers and have provided measurable clinical benefits to patients. In addition, understanding miRNA biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms in cancer can provide important knowledge about resistance to chemotherapies, leading to more personalized cancer treatment. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the importance of miRNA inhuman and canine cancer research. We discussed the current state of development and potential for the miRNA as both a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target.  \nKeywords: miRNAs; cancer; oncomiRs; tumor-suppressor miRNAs; biomarker; therapeutics  \n1. Introduction  \nmiRNAs are small non-coding RNA sequences with an average length of 18–22 bps. To date, 2654 mature miRNAs have been reported in humans [1] . miRNAs play an essential role in biological processes by regulating gene expression at the post-transcription level. miRNAs bind to messenger RNA (mRNA) in the cytoplasm, resulting in mRNA degradation or temporary inhibition of translation until needed [2] . Downregulation of a specific miRNA leads to upregulation of the corresponding proteins' expression and vice-versa. Conversely, upregulation of miRNA leads to decreased target protein(s) expression. miRNAs bind at the 30 and 50 untranslated regions (UTRs) and coding regions of mRNA to induce translation repression. miRNAs are also involved in inducing gene transcription by binding within the promoter regions of a gene [3] . miRNAs are typically found inside cells; however, a portion of them are shed into circulation in lipid-coated particles known as exosomes [4] . Circulatory exosomal miRNAs have been identified as possible disease biomarkers as they are stable in blood and are protected from endogenous RNAse activity [5] .  \nmiRNAs play an important role in cancer cell transformation. miRNAs can function as tumor-suppressor genes or oncogenes by targeting genes involved in tumor development and progression or cell-cycle inhibition, respectively. Since the discovery of microRNAs, they have held gre","cbCaitJSbRxiL1f2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitJSbRxiL1f2","pdf",1124139,18,"English","# Introduction\n# Role of miRNAs in Cancer\n## Humans\n## OncomiRs","[{\"question\":\"How do miRNAs regulate gene expression in cancer?\",\"answer\":\"miRNAs bind messenger RNA to induce mRNA degradation or inhibit translation, affecting protein expression. They can also influence transcription by binding promoter regions.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are miRNAs considered potential cancer biomarkers?\",\"answer\":\"Altered miRNA levels are observed across many tested cancers, suggesting their relevance to oncogenic processes. Circulating exosomal miRNAs can remain stable in blood, supporting biomarker potential.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do oncomiRs play in tumor development?\",\"answer\":\"OncomiRs are overexpressed in tumors and repress tumor-suppressor mRNAs, promoting proliferation and metastasis. They are classified separately from tumor-suppressor miRNAs that inhibit tumorigenesis.\"}]","miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer | PDF",1790222857,45]