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For pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, connections between miRNAs and cancer-driving mutations suggest opportunities for novel therapies and improved diagnostic and prognostic tools.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mirnas-in-pancreatic-cancer-progression-and-metastasis-review/336414/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/mirnas-in-pancreatic-cancer-progression-and-metastasis-review/336414.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Maeve","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",10,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What role do microRNAs play in gene regulation?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNAs, mainly at the 3’UTR. 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The guide strand loads into miRISC via Argonaute to target mRNAs for silencing.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},336414,1790413456,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":55,"slug":125},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":99},5909877438554,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600025385ad2bf12a7?_k=1778553567797529272","Clinical & Experimental Metastasis (2024) 41:163–186 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10585-023-10256-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10585-023-10256-0)  \nmiRNAs in pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis  \nEllie T. Y. Mok1,2 · Jessica L. Chitty1,2 · Thomas R. Cox1,2  \nReceived: 22 August 2023 / Accepted: 6 December 2023 / Published online: 19 January 2024 © The Author(s) 2024  \nAbstract  \nSmall non-coding RNA or microRNA (miRNA) are critical regulators of eukaryotic cells. Dysregulation of miRNA expression and function has been linked to a variety of diseases including cancer. They play a complex role in cancers, having both tumour suppressor and promoter properties. In addition, a single miRNA can be involved in regulating several mRNAs or many miRNAs can regulate a single mRNA, therefore assessing these roles is essential to a better understanding in cancer initiation and development. Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, in part due to the lack of diagnostic tools and limited treatment options. The most common form of pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is characterised by major genetic mutations that drive cancer initiation and progression. The regulation or interaction of miRNAs with these cancer driving mutations suggests a strong link between the two. Understanding this link between miRNA and PDAC progression may give rise to novel treatments or diagnostic tools. This review summarises the role of miRNAs in PDAC, the downstream signalling pathways that they play a role in, how these are being used and studied as therapeutic targets as well as prognostic/diagnostic tools to improve the clinical outcome of PDAC.  \nKeywords microRNA · Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma · Novel therapeutics · Diagnostics  \nIntroduction  \nMicroRNA (miRNA) are small RNA molecules that playa crucial role in regulating gene expression by binding to messenger RNAs (mRNA), thereby influencing protein production and downstream cellular function. In cancer, dysregulation of miRNAs is frequently observed, contributing to disease progression, making them important biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in cancer research and treatment. In the context of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), there is an increased in effort to study and reveal specific alterations in miRNA expression patterns and how they have contributed to the disease. Here, we shed light on  \n* Jessica L. Chitty [j.chitty@garvan.org.au](j.chitty@garvan.org.au)  \n* Thomas R. Cox [t.cox@garvan.org.au](t.cox@garvan.org.au)  \n1 Matrix & Metastasis Lab, Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia  \n2 School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent’s Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia  \nthe pivotal role of miRNAs in the development and progression of this difficult-to-treat cancer.  \nmicroRNAs and their function  \nMicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that are known to play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. They are typically between 21 and 25 nucleotides in length and have been shown to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA molecules. This binding occurs mainly at the 3' untranslated region (3’UTR) of the target mRNA where their binding can prevent protein translation or trigger the degradation of target mRNAs.  \nThrough controlling the expression of specific genes, miRNAs play critical roles in a wide range of biological processes, including development, cell differentiation, apoptosis and response to environmental changes and stress. Dysregulation of miRNA expression or function has been linked to various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders.  \nThe miRNA field has significantly grown in recent years leading to mounting evidence of their biological  \nimportance. Wh","cbCaipPW1o7IFJUB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipPW1o7IFJUB","pdf",3611867,24,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# microRNAs and their function","[{\"question\":\"What role do microRNAs play in gene regulation?\",\"answer\":\"MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNAs, mainly at the 3’UTR. This can prevent protein translation or trigger degradation of the target mRNA.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is dysregulated miRNA expression important in cancer?\",\"answer\":\"Dysregulated miRNAs contribute to cancer progression and can act as both tumor suppressors and promoters. They also serve as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the miRNA biogenesis pathway described for producing mature miRNAs?\",\"answer\":\"The canonical pathway includes transcription by RNA polymerase II, nuclear cleavage by Drosha and DGCR8 to form pre-miRNA, export via Exportin 5, and processing by Dicer to generate a mature miRNA duplex. The guide strand loads into miRISC via Argonaute to target mRNAs for silencing.\"}]","miRNAs in pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis - Review | PDF",1790014946]