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This info sheet supports LINC teacher trainers and PBLA lead teachers in introducing brand new teachers to the many components and resources available to support LINC delivery.  \nIntroduction  \nLanguage Instruction for Newcomers to Canada (LINC) was established in 1992 by the federal government to facilitate the social, cultural and economic integration of immigrants and refugees into Canada.1 The program endeavours to train the same proportion of women and men as is reflected in the local immigrant population.2  \nFunded by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), language Service Providing Organizations (SPO) may offer on-site childminding services and providers may cover transportation to and from classes to support access to language learning.3 In British Columbia, when funded provincially, the program was called English Language Services for Adults (ELSA) . It has been funded directly by IRCC as “LINC” since 2014.4 Permanent Residents, protected persons and convention refugees are eligible for LINC.5  \nCanadian Language Benchmarks  \nThe Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) standard is a descriptive scale of language ability in English as an Additional Language (EAL) written as 12 benchmarks or reference points along a continuum from basic to advanced.6 A CLB Placement Test (CLBPT) administered in an IRCC funded assessment centre or by a remote assessor, places the learner on the CLB scale of communicative competence in listening, speaking, reading and writing. Learners then focus on acquiring the competencies of the next CLB level guided by a list of Can Do Statements.7 A new CLB Literacy Placement Tool is expected to aid in the placement of low literacy level learners.8 Once placed on the CLB scale, the learner works towards that benchmark in either a LINC classroom, through blended learning (classroom and online) or by correspondence in a LINC Home Study program (LHS), if unable to attend classroom-based language training.9  \nLINC services  \nReferences  \n1,2,5 IRCC (2004) . Evaluation of the Language Instruction for Newcomers to Canada (LINC) Program  \n3 IRCC (2017) . Language classes funded by the Government of Canada.  \n4 The Vancouver Sun (2014) . More than 70 ESL teachers likely to lose jobs at Vancouver Community College  \n6,7 IRCC (2014) . National Language Placement and Progression Guidelines  \n8 Centre for Canadian Language Benchmarks (2017) . March 2018 Inside Language  \n9 Centre for Education & Training (2018) . LEAD | LINC Home Study: How to Register  \nDisclaimer: The following summaries have been compiled by AMSSA.  \nMigration Matters — April 2018 Issue 44, Page 2  \nLanguage instruction for newcomers  \nThe LINC classroom instructor utilizes Portfolio-Based Language Assessment (PBLA) to support learning with a national, standardized progression through the benchmarks. In addition to PBLA, instructors weave various other elements into classes such as literacy supports for those with limited schooling, the 9 workplace Essential Skills, employment supports, community connections (outings and guest speakers), volunteers as well as LINC settlement and integration themes such as Health & Safety and Banking & Finance.10 Citizenship preparation is another element of LINCand those applying for Canadian citizenship require a minimum of CLB 4 in speaking and listening.  \nThe benchmark levels are organized into stages of language ability, Literacy, Stage I (CLB 1-4), Stage II (CLB 5-8) and Stage III (CLB 9-12) . There is a corresponding classroom binder, also known as the Language Companion for Literacy and Stages I & II.11 Some service providers in British Columbia offer focused LINC courses for Literacy and/or Employment.  \nLa","cbCaisM6w6pOptA2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisM6w6pOptA2","pdf",378753,"English","# Introduction\n## Canadian Language Benchmarks\n## LINC services\n### Language instruction for newcomers\n### Language assessment\n## References","[{\"question\":\"What is the LINC program and why was it established?\",\"answer\":\"Language Instruction for Newcomers to Canada (LINC) was established in 1992 to support the social, cultural, and economic integration of immigrants and refugees into Canada.\"},{\"question\":\"How do Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB) and the CLB Placement Test work?\",\"answer\":\"CLB is a 12-benchmark scale of English ability from basic to advanced. A CLB Placement Test places the learner on the scale for listening, speaking, reading, and writing, then learners work toward the next level using Can Do Statements.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does PBLA play in LINC language assessment?\",\"answer\":\"Portfolio-Based Language Assessment (PBLA) replaces standardized exit testing and uses a learner portfolio and the Language Companion to collect formative and summative assessment evidence aligned to real-world, task-based, learner-centered instruction.\"}]","Migration Matters - April 2018 Issue 44 - LINC, PBLA and the CLB | PDF"]