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The research used an explanatory mixed-method approach with a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions. From 1,944 OTM students across 10 polytechnics in Southwest Nigeria, 365 students were selected using proportional stratified sampling. Quantitative data were analyzed with mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA at 0.05 significance, while qualitative data used analytical coding. Findings indicated Visio competencies are very highly needed for effective productivity, with no significant differences by years of experience. The study recommends comprehensive Visio training in OTM curricula, including navigation, organizational charts, and network diagrams.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/microsoft-visio-application-competencies-needed-by-office-technology-and-management-students-for-effective-secretarial-productivity-in-the-21st-century/665416/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/microsoft-visio-application-competencies-needed-by-office-technology-and-management-students-for-effective-secretarial-productivity-in-the-21st-century/665416.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"QWQ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main focus of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focused on the Microsoft Visio application competencies needed by Office Technology and Management (OTM) students for effective secretarial productivity in the 21st century.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It used an explanatory mixed-method design involving a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions, with quantitative analysis by mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Were there differences in perceptions based on years of experience?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"No significant difference was found in the mean ratings of respondents regarding the Visio competencies needed, based on years of experience (p > .05).",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"What training recommendations were made?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"The study recommended that federal and state polytechnics incorporate comprehensive Microsoft Visio training into their curricula, covering navigation, organizational charts, and network diagram development.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},665416,1793302854,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":143,"language":144,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":145,"faqs":146,"seo_title":147,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":133,"read_time":148},962094510011,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","MICROSOFT VISIO APPLICATION COMPETENCIES NEEDED BY OFFICE TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDENTS FOR EFFECTIVE SECRETARIAL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY  \nJOSHUA S. Mamman  \nDepartment of Business and Entrepreneurship Education, Kwara State University, Malete  \n[joshua.mamman@kwasu.edu.ng](joshua.mamman@kwasu.edu.ng)  \n[https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3872-2247](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3872-2247)  \nAbstract  \nThis study investigated the Microsoft Visio application competencies that Office Technology and Management (OTM) students need for effective secretarial productivity in the 21st century. The study has one research question and hypothesis. The study employed an explanatory mixedmethod design, involving a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions. The population comprised 1,944 OTM students from 10 federal and state polytechnics in Southwest Nigeria, with a sample of 365 students selected using proportional stratified sampling. Quantitative data were collected using the Microsoft Visio Application Competencies Questionnaire (MVACQ) . The MVACQ was duly validated by three experts with a Cronbach reliability coefficient of 0.87. The qualitative aspect utilized focus group discussion (FGD) . The quantitative data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation while the hypothesis was tested with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at a 0.05 significance level. The qualitative data were analyzed using the analytical coding method. The findings revealed that Microsoft Visio competencies are very highly needed for effective secretarial productivity in the 21st century by Office Technology and Management students (mean = 3.53); there was no significant difference in the mean ratings of respondents on the Microsoft Visio competencies needed for effective secretarial productivity in the 21st century based on years of experience (F (3, 355) = .75; p > .05) . The study concludes that as administrative roles evolve in response to technological advancements, the ability to utilize the Microsoft Visio for secretarial functions becomes essential for success in the modern workplace. The study recommends that federal and state polytechnics should incorporate comprehensive Microsoft Visio training into their curricula. This training should cover essential competencies such as navigating the software, creating organizational charts, and developing network diagrams.  \nKeywords: Microsoft Visio, office technology and management, secretarial productivity, students   \nIntroduction  \nContemporary secretaries must utilize current Microsoft Office applications to establish an information system architecture that allows them to effectively perform their office tasks and obligations, thereby enhancing their productivity. The responsibilities of a secretary in both public and private sector parastatals have recently expanded significantly. The secretary must possess a specific level of proficiency in Microsoft Office applications to utilize information systems properly and efficiently. Okpokwasili (2018) asserts that the responsibilities of a secretary extend beyond the performance of mundane manual chores. Okpokwasili notes that secretaries are now required to have advanced skills in utilizing contemporary information technology to effectively carry out their responsibilities in an automated office setting. Secretaries in numerous firms are commonly designated as information managers. This is because the operational procedures that secretaries are consistently exposed to are analogous to typical office information management operations (Olayanju, 2019) . In the 21st century, secretarial tasks, like other corporate functions,  \nhave experienced a growing level of automation and digitization. This has been particularly evident with the introduction of the Microsoft Office Suite.  \nThe Microsoft Office suite has numerous tools that alleviate the workload of secretaries. The suite comprises the following applications: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Po","cbCaivS8XIW6ZHz8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivS8XIW6ZHz8","pdf",619094,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Background and role of secretaries\n## Microsoft Office suite and related applications\n## Office Technology and Management programme\n## Importance of Microsoft Visio","[{\"question\":\"What was the main focus of the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study focused on the Microsoft Visio application competencies needed by Office Technology and Management (OTM) students for effective secretarial productivity in the 21st century.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"It used an explanatory mixed-method design involving a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions, with quantitative analysis by mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA.\"},{\"question\":\"Were there differences in perceptions based on years of experience?\",\"answer\":\"No significant difference was found in the mean ratings of respondents regarding the Visio competencies needed, based on years of experience (p \\u003e .05).\"},{\"question\":\"What training recommendations were made?\",\"answer\":\"The study recommended that federal and state polytechnics incorporate comprehensive Microsoft Visio training into their curricula, covering navigation, organizational charts, and network diagram development.\"}]","MICROSOFT VISIO APPLICATION COMPETENCIES NEEDED BY OFFICE TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT STUDENTS FOR EFFECTIVE SECRETARIAL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY | PDF",28]