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The review synthesizes evidence linking gut microbiota and diet to acute lymphoblastic and acute myeloid leukaemia, emphasizing that pre-treatment dysbiosis can trigger inflammatory immune responses and support cancer development. The analysis highlights gut microbiota as a potential modulator of leukaemia treatment efficacy and progression, and proposes future preventive and therapeutic strategies based on dietary and microbiota alterations.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/microbiota-diet-and-acute-leukaemia-tips-and-tricks-on-their-possible-connections/384119/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/microbiota-diet-and-acute-leukaemia-tips-and-tricks-on-their-possible-connections/384119.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"eBook King","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-27","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main focus of this review on acute leukaemia?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It examines the possible connections between gut microbiota, dietary factors, and acute leukaemia, including how dysbiosis may influence disease development and treatment outcomes.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does gut microbiota dysbiosis relate to acute leukaemia progression?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Pre-treatment imbalance in the gut microbiota in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients is linked to inflammatory immune responses, which may contribute to cancer development.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What future directions does the paper suggest?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It proposes preventive and therapeutic strategies informed by dietary factors and microbiota alterations, with attention to immunological pathways that could be targeted in leukaemia management.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},384119,1790545329,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36},962088006270,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","nutrients   \nReview  \nMicrobiota, Diet and Acute Leukaemia: Tips and Tricks on Their Possible Connections  \nFabiana Furci 1,†, Nicola Cicero 2, *,†, Alessandro Allegra 3,‡ and Sebastiano Gangemi 4,‡  \nCitation: Furci, F.; Cicero, N.; Allegra, A.; Gangemi, S. Microbiota, Diet and Acute Leukaemia: Tips and Tricks on Their Possible Connections. Nutrients 2023, 15, 4253. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/nu15194253](10.3390/nu15194253)  \nAcademic Editor: Kai Wang  \nReceived: 24 August 2023  \nRevised: 15 September 2023  \nAccepted: 27 September 2023  \nPublished: 3 October 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Provincial Healthcare Unit, Section of Allergy, 89900 Vibo Valentia, Italy; [fabianafurci@gmail.com](fabianafurci@gmail.com)  \n2 Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy  \n3 Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; aallegra@unime.it  \n4 Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy; [gangemis@unime.it](gangemis@unime.it)  \n* [Correspondence: nicola.cicero@unime.it](Correspondence: nicola.cicero@unime.it)  \n† These authors contributed equally to this work.  \n‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.  \nAbstract: Acute leukaemia is probably one of the most recurrent cancers in children and younger adults, with an incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in 80% of cases and an incidence of acute myeloid leukaemia in 15% of cases. Yet, while incidence is common in children and adolescents, acute leukaemia is a rare disease whose aetiology still requires further analysis. Many studies have investigated the aetiology of acute leukaemia, reporting that the formation of gut microbiota maybe modified by the start and development of many diseases. Considering that in patients affected by acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, there is an inherent disequilibrium in the gut microbiota before treatment compared with healthy patients, increasing evidence shows how dysbiosis of the gut microbiota provokes an inflammatory immune response, contributing to the development of cancer. Our analysis suggeststhe key role of gut microbiota in the modulation of the efficacy of leukaemia treatment as well as in the progress of many cancers, such as acute leukaemia. Therefore, in this paper, we present an examination of information found in literature regarding the role of dietary factors and gut microbiota alterations in the development of leukaemia and suggest possible future preventive and therapeutic strategies.  \nKeywords: leukaemia; microbiota; diet; cancer  \n1. Introduction  \nLeukaemia, characterised by the unregulated clonal proliferation of haematopoietic stem cells and, after accidents, is the second leading cause of paediatric-aged mortality, with an increase of 0.9% in incidence every year, whose risk factors are currently a topic of study aimed at possible prevention and future therapeutic strategies [1–3] . Albeit the precise cause of the disease is not clear, with the exception of the recognised role of ionizing radiation, benzene exposure, some leukaemogenic gene fusions and translocations and that might induce some childhood cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with an in-utero origin, many studies are increasingly considering its pathogenetic, infectious and environmental risk factors [4–7] .  \nConsidering that costs related to leuka","cbCaiefjSX38N7qr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiefjSX38N7qr","pdf",830097,16,"English","# 1. Introduction\n## Gut microbiota and leukaemia risk\n## Diet, microbiota alterations, and treatment response","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of this review on acute leukaemia?\",\"answer\":\"It examines the possible connections between gut microbiota, dietary factors, and acute leukaemia, including how dysbiosis may influence disease development and treatment outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"How does gut microbiota dysbiosis relate to acute leukaemia progression?\",\"answer\":\"Pre-treatment imbalance in the gut microbiota in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients is linked to inflammatory immune responses, which may contribute to cancer development.\"},{\"question\":\"What future directions does the paper suggest?\",\"answer\":\"It proposes preventive and therapeutic strategies informed by dietary factors and microbiota alterations, with attention to immunological pathways that could be targeted in leukaemia management.\"}]","Microbiota, Diet and Acute Leukaemia: Tips and Tricks on Their Possible Connections | PDF",1790261282]