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Fifty metal-exposed welders with suspected metal-induced asthma (group A), 100 metal-exposed welders without suspicion (group B), and two control groups (atopic asthma patients and healthy subjects) were examined using questionnaires, clinical assessment, skin prick testing, rest spirometry, chest X-ray, metacholine challenge, and specific inhalation challenges. Findings show metal-induced occupational asthma in group A, with chest X-ray abnormalities frequently observed. Results indicate that longer welding work and positive skin tests correlate with radiographic changes and metal-related occupational asthma, highlighting specific inhalation challenge as a key diagnostic tool.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/metal-induced-asthma-and-chest-x-ray-changes-in-welders/138094/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/metal-induced-asthma-and-chest-x-ray-changes-in-welders/138094.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Fahsai","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-20","2026-08-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the main objective of the study on metal-induced asthma in welders?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To evaluate coexisting factors and the usefulness of diagnostic methods for metal-induced asthma in Polish welders.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which groups were included in the examination?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Fifty metal-exposed welders with suspicion (group A), 100 metal-exposed welders without suspicion (group B), and two control groups consisting of 10 atopic asthma patients and 10 healthy subjects.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What role did specific inhalation challenge play in diagnosing metal-induced asthma?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Specific inhalation challenge was identified as the key diagnostic method for metal-induced asthma in welders.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},138094,1787474450,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143},549768702563,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/8000c4aa63b76e948b?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786536092046926083","O R I G I N A L P A P E R S  \nInternational Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 2012;25(3):242–250  \nDOI 10.2478/S13382-012-0031-9  \nMETAL-INDUCED ASTHMA  \nAND CHEST X-RAY CHANGES IN WELDERS  \nTOMASZ WITTCZAK1, WOJCIECH DUDEK2, JOLANTAWALUSIAK-SKORUPA2,  \nDOMINIKA ŚWIERCZYŃSKA‑MACHURA2, WOJCIECH CADER3, MONIKA KOWALCZYK1,  \nand CEZARY PAŁCZYŃSKI1,2  \n1 Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland Department of Occupational Diseases and Toxicology  \n2 Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland Centre of Occupational Allergy and Environmental Health  \n3 PROF MED Outpatient Clinic, Włocławek, Poland  \nAbstract  \nObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the coexisting factors and usefulness of diagnostic methods in metal-induced  \nasthma in Polish welders. Materials and Methods: Examination of 50 welders occupationally exposed to metals and with suspicion of metal-induced asthma (group A), 100 welders occupationally exposed to metals but without suspicion of metal-induced asthma (group B), and two control groups (10 patients with atopic asthma and 10 healthy subjects) was carried out. Questionnaire survey, clinical examination, skin prick tests to common aeroallergens and metal salts, rest spirometry tests, X-ray, metacholine challenge and a single-blind, placebo controlled specific inhalation challenge tests with metals (or work-like conditions challenge tests) were performed. Results: In group A – in 9 cases we obtained positive results of specific inhalation challenge tests with metals (in 3 cases with nickel, in 4 cases with chromium, in 1 case with cobalt and in 1 case with manganese). Nine cases of metal-induced occupational asthma were recognized. In group B – only in one case we obtained positive results of work-like conditions challenge test (clinical and spirometry changes, eosinophil influx in induced sputum), which confirmed the diagnosis of occupational asthma. In most of examined welders (62%), pulmonary changes in chest X-ray images were noted. The statistical analysis revealed that working as a welder for more than 10 years is the coexisting factor of presence of chest X-ray changes (p-or q-type nodular changes or interstitial changes). Positive results of skin prick tests with metal salts were the coexisting factors of occupational asthma due to metals among examined group of welders. Conclusions: Specific inhalation challenge plays the key role in diagnostics of metal-induced asthma in welders. Pulmonary changes in chest X-ray were found in a significant percentage of examined welders.  \nKey words:  \nWelders, Metals, Occupational asthma, Chest X-ray changes  \nINTRODUCTION  \nWelders are exposed to fumes containing different gases and particles, depending on the composition of the welding electrodes, welded material and the welding method used. The emissions from welding processes may comprise many harmful agents, including toxic or irritant substances and asthmogens [1–3] .  \nWelders are the group at risk of developing various respiratory signs and symptoms. Health effects associated with welding process comprise different lung function abnormalities, including metal fume fever, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumoconiosis and other interstitial pulmonary diseases (chronic beryllium disease, cobalt lung), and lung cancer [4–6]. Welders are also at risk of developing  \nReceived: October 26, 2011. Accepted: March 23, 2012.  \nAdress reprint requests to T. Wittczak, Department of Occupational Diseases and Toxicology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, św. Teresy 8, 91–348 Łódź, Poland (e-mail: [tomekwit@imp.lodz.pl](tomekwit@imp.lodz.pl)).  \n242 Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland  \noccupational asthma, including allergic and non-allergic (irritant-induced) asthma. The allergic asthma appears after a latency period and in some cases IgE mediated mechanism can be identified. Welders are exposed to different asthmogens, such as: meta","cbCaimv0mp5NsXC0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimv0mp5NsXC0","pdf",249187,"English","# Abstract\n## Objectives\n## Materials and Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods\n## Study Groups\n## Methods\n### Questionnaire","[{\"question\":\"What was the main objective of the study on metal-induced asthma in welders?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate coexisting factors and the usefulness of diagnostic methods for metal-induced asthma in Polish welders.\"},{\"question\":\"Which groups were included in the examination?\",\"answer\":\"Fifty metal-exposed welders with suspicion (group A), 100 metal-exposed welders without suspicion (group B), and two control groups consisting of 10 atopic asthma patients and 10 healthy subjects.\"},{\"question\":\"What role did specific inhalation challenge play in diagnosing metal-induced asthma?\",\"answer\":\"Specific inhalation challenge was identified as the key diagnostic method for metal-induced asthma in welders.\"}]","METAL-INDUCED ASTHMA AND CHEST X-RAY CHANGES IN WELDERS | PDF",23]