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Results identified 21 consistently altered metabolites, including subtype-specific changes across carcinoid, small-cell, and large-cell neuroendocrine tumors, reflecting multiple disrupted metabolic pathways such as fatty acid metabolism, the Warburg effect, and the citric acid cycle.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & 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Boullier 1,2, Fabien C. Lamaze 1, Jean-François Haince 3, Rashid Ahmed Bux 3, Michèle Orain 1, Jiamin Zheng 4, Lun Zhang 4, David S. Wishart 4, Yohan Bossé 1,2, Venkata S. K. Manem 2,5,6 and Philippe Joubert 1,2, *  \nCitation: Boullier, C.; Lamaze, F.C.; Haince, J.-F.; Bux, R.A.; Orain, M.; Zheng, J.; Zhang, L.; Wishart, D.S.; Bossé, Y.; Manem, V.S.K.; et al. Metabolomic Profiling of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Cancers 2024, 16, 3179. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/cancers16183179](10.3390/cancers16183179)  \nAcademic Editor: Massimo Broggini  \nReceived: 8 August 2024  \nRevised: 5 September 2024  \nAccepted: 12 September 2024  \nPublished: 17 September 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Centre de Recherche de l’institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Quebec City, QC G1V 4G5, Canada; [clemence.boullier.1@ulaval.ca](clemence.boullier.1@ulaval.ca) (C.B.); [fabien.lamaze@criucpq.ulaval.ca](fabien.lamaze@criucpq.ulaval.ca) (F.C.L.); [michele.orain@criucpq.ulaval.ca](michele.orain@criucpq.ulaval.ca) (M.O.); [yohan.bosse@criucpq.ulaval.ca](yohan.bosse@criucpq.ulaval.ca) (Y.B.)  \n2 Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; [venkata.manem@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca](venkata.manem@crchudequebec.ulaval.ca)  \n3 BioMark Diagnostics Inc., Richmond, BC V6X 2W8, Canada; [jhaince@biomarkdiagnostics.com](jhaince@biomarkdiagnostics.com) (J.-F.H.); [rahmed@biomarkdiagnostics.com](rahmed@biomarkdiagnostics.com) (R.A.B.)  \n4 The Metabolomics Innovation Center (TMIC), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada; [jiamin3@ualberta.ca](jiamin3@ualberta.ca) (J.Z.); [lun2@ualberta.ca](lun2@ualberta.ca) (L.Z.); [dwishart@ualberta.ca](dwishart@ualberta.ca) (D.S.W.)  \n5 Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Quebec at Trois-Riviere, Trois-Riviere, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada  \n6 Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Quebec City, QC G1E 6W2, Canada  \n* [Correspondence: philippe.joubert@criucpq.ulaval.ca](Correspondence: philippe.joubert@criucpq.ulaval.ca)  \nSimple Summary: Pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a challenging type of lung cancer due to their varied clinical features and aggressive behavior. This study aimed to find specific metabolomic profiles in the blood of patients with different subtypes of lung NENs, which could help in early diagnosis. By analyzing 153 metabolites in the plasma of 120 NEN patients and comparing them with healthy individuals and patients with other lung cancers, we identified specific metabolic changes. These findings could lead to new biomarkers for early detection and better management of lung NENs, ultimately improving patient outcomes.  \nAbstract: Background/Objectives: Pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) account for 20% of malignant lung tumors. Their management is challenging due to their diverse clinical features and aggressive nature. Currently, metabolomics offers a range of potential cancer biomarkers for diagnosis, monitoring tumor progression, and assessing therapeutic response. However, a specific metabolomic profile for early diagnosis of lung NENs has yet to be identified. This study aims to identify specific metabolomic profiles that can serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis of lung NENs. Methods: We measured 153 metabolites using liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in the plasma of 120 NEN patients and compared them with those of 71 healthy individuals. Additionally, we compared these profiles with those of 466 patients wi","cbCaigrv5zafdbPO","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigrv5zafdbPO","pdf",2638988,18,"English","# Introduction\n## Background and clinical challenge\n## Metabolomics as a biomarker approach\n# Simple Summary\n# Abstract\n## Background/Objectives\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"Why is early diagnosis of pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms challenging?\",\"answer\":\"Pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms have diverse clinical features and aggressive behavior, and current diagnosis relies mainly on histopathology or cytology, which makes early-stage identification difficult.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the metabolomic data generated in this study?\",\"answer\":\"The study quantified 153 metabolites in plasma using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) from 120 NEN patients.\"},{\"question\":\"What key biomarker findings were reported for different NEN subtypes?\",\"answer\":\"The study identified 21 metabolites with consistently altered plasma concentrations and found subtype-specific metabolite changes, including 18 for carcinoid tumors, 5 for small-cell lung carcinomas, and 10 for large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas.\"}]","Metabolomic Profiling of Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms | PDF",1789998553,45]