[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-649158-105":59,"doc-detail-649158-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","mer419-l13-welding-introduction-student","MER419 L13 Welding Introduction - Student","","Lecture notes for MER419 covering welding fundamentals and classification. Content defines joining methods, contrasts non-permanent fastening with permanent joining, and explains fusion-based welding versus soldering, brazing, and adhesive bonding. Sections outline welding types by process category, including arc, oxy-fuel, resistance, and solid-state methods. Detailed tables summarize arc weld subtypes with AWS designations, typical characteristics, and applications, then similarly cover oxy-fuel gas welds, resistance welds, and solid-state welds for materials and industry use cases.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mer419-l13-welding-introduction-student/649158/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/mer419-l13-welding-introduction-student/649158.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"jayni","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What are the main categories of welding methods in these notes?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"The notes group welding into arc, oxy-fuel, resistance, and solid-state methods, with an additional “Others” category.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How does soldering differ from welding and brazing?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Soldering joins metals by melting a filler (solder) onto the joint; the solder’s melting point is lower than the adjoining material. Brazing similarly flows a material onto the joint but uses higher temperature and produces higher strength than solder.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What does solid-state welding mean in this material?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Solid-state welding bonds materials at temperatures below the melt points of the joined materials and does not require adding a filler material.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},649158,1792797537,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":143},3985747859343,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Welding  \n• Types  \n• Symbols  \nMethods of Joining Materials  \n• Non-Permanent  \n􀂃 Fasteners  \n• Permanent  \n􀂃 Welding  \n􀀹 Joining two materials by causing fusion  \n􀀹 Base Material Melted  \n􀂃  Soldering  \n􀀹 Joining two or more metals by melting and flowing a material (solder) onto the joint  \n􀀹 Melting point of solder lower than adjoining material  \n􀂃  Brazing  \n􀀹 Joining two or more metals by melting and flowing a material onto the joint  \n􀀹 Higher temperature and considerably higher strength than solder  \n􀂃 Adhesive Bonding  \n􀀹 Applying an intermediate layer to connect sub-straights  \nRBB MER419: Machine Design 2  \nTypes of Welding  \n• Arc  \n􀂃 A process that creates an electric arc between an electrode and the base material to melt the metal at the welding point  \n•  Oxy-Fuel  \n􀂃 A process that uses fuel gases and oxygen to weld and cut metal  \n•  Resistance  \n􀂃 Spot and seam welding  \n􀂃 The weld heat is generated by the electrical resistance of the materials being bonded combined with the time and the force used to hold the materials  \n•  Solid-State  \n􀂃 Bonds materials at temperatures below the melt points of the materials being joined without the addition of a filler material.  \n• Others  \nRBB MER419: Machine Design 3  \nTypes of Arc Welds  \n\n| NAME | AWS | CHARACTERISTECS | APPLICATION |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Atomic hydrogen welding | AHW | Two metal electrodes in hydrogen atmosphere | Historical |\n| Bare metal arc welding | BMAW | Consumable electrode, no flux or shielding gas | Historical |\n| Carbon arc welding | CAW | Carbon electrode, historical | Copper, repair (limited) |\n| Flux cored arc welding | FCAW\u003Cbr>FCAW-S | Continuous consumable electrode filled with flux | Industry, construction |\n| Gas metal arc welding | GMAW | Continuous consumable electrode and shielding gas | Industry |\n| Gas tungsten arc welding | GTAW | Non-consumable electrode, slow, high quality welds | Aerospace, Construction (piping),Tool and Die |\n| Plasma arc welding | PAW | Non-consumable electrode, constricted arc | Tubing, instrumentation |\n| Shielded metal arc welding | SMAW | Consumable electrode covered in flux, can weld any metal as long as they have the right electrode | Construction, outdoors, maintenance |\n| Submerged arc welding | SAW | Automatic, arc submerged in granular flux |  |\n| Magnetically Impelled Arc Butt | MIAB | both tube ends are electrodes; no protection gas; arc rotates fast along edge by applied magnetic field | pipelines and tubes |\n\nRBB MER419: Machine Design 4  \nTypes of Oxy-Fuel Gas Welds  \n\n| NAME | AWS | CHARACTERISTECS | APPLICATION |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Air acetylene welding | AAW | Chemical welding process, not popular | Limited |\n| Oxyacetylene welding | OAW | Combustion of acetylene with oxygen | Maintenance, repair |\n| Oxygen/Propane welding |  | Gas welding with oxygen/propane flame |  |\n| Oxyhydrogen welding | OHW | Combustion of hydrogen with oxygen produces flame | Limited |\n| Pressure gas welding | PGW | Gas flames heat surfaces and pressure produces the weld | Pipe, railroad rails (limited) |\n\nRBB MER419: Machine Design 5  \nTypes of Resistance Welds  \n\n| NAME | AWS | CHARACTERISTECS | APPLICATION |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Resistance spot welding | RSW | Two pointed electrodes apply pressure and current to two or more thin workpieces | Automobile industry, Aerospace industry |\n| Resistance seam welding | RSEW | Two wheel-shaped electrodes roll along workpieces, applying pressure and current | Aerospace industry, steel drums, tubing |\n| Projection welding | PW | Semi-Automatic, Automatic, Welds are localized at predetermined points. |  |\n| Flash welding | FW |  |  |\n| Upset welding | UW | Butt joint surfaces heated and brought together by force |  |\n\nRBB MER419: Machine Design 6  \nTypes of Solid State Welds  \n\n| NAME | AWS | CHARACTERISTECS | APPLICATION |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Coextrusion Welding | CEW | Dissimilar metals are extruded through the same die | Joining of corrosion","cbCaidCOftRZNiUl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidCOftRZNiUl","pdf",1012714,41,"English","# Types\n## Symbols\n# Methods of Joining Materials\n## Non-Permanent\n## Permanent\n# Types of Welding\n## Arc\n## Oxy-Fuel\n## Resistance\n## Solid-State\n## Others\n# Types of Arc Welds\n# Types of Oxy-Fuel Gas Welds\n# Types of Resistance Welds\n# Types of Solid State Welds","[{\"question\":\"What are the main categories of welding methods in these notes?\",\"answer\":\"The notes group welding into arc, oxy-fuel, resistance, and solid-state methods, with an additional “Others” category.\"},{\"question\":\"How does soldering differ from welding and brazing?\",\"answer\":\"Soldering joins metals by melting a filler (solder) onto the joint; the solder’s melting point is lower than the adjoining material. Brazing similarly flows a material onto the joint but uses higher temperature and produces higher strength than solder.\"},{\"question\":\"What does solid-state welding mean in this material?\",\"answer\":\"Solid-state welding bonds materials at temperatures below the melt points of the joined materials and does not require adding a filler material.\"}]","MER419 L13 Welding Introduction - Student | PDF",103]