[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-133246-en":3,"doc-seo-133246-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},133246,687207020761,"Oliver Hayes","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Men on the market - Feminist analysis of age-stratified male-male romance in Boys’ Love manga","Male-male sexuality is a central trope of Boys’ Love (BL) manga, which typically organizes stories around an uke-seme (bottom-top) pair, even though BL is produced and consumed primarily by women. This article analyzes age-stratified male-male romance (pederasty) using a corpus of 234 original Japanese BL manga stories (2003–2012), with 68 identified as age-stratified; eight are examined in depth. Patterns are interpreted through Freud’s eroticized intra-familial dynamics and Lévi-Strauss’s familial economics, informed by Rubin, and discussed via mother-identified son, doubly-divested man, castrated father, men on the market, and phallic mother themes.","[eprints@whiterose.ac.uk](eprints@whiterose.ac.uk)[ ](eprints@whiterose.ac.uk)[https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk](https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk)  \nUniversities of Leeds, Sheffield and York  \nDeposited via The University of Leeds.  \nWhite Rose Research Online URL for this paper:  \n[https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/114106/](https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/114106/)  \n[Version: Accepted Version](Version: Accepted Version)  \nArticle:  \nMadill, A (2016) Men on the market: Feminist analysis of age-stratified male–male  \nromance in Boys’ Love manga. Studies in Comics, 7 (2) . pp. 265-287. ISSN: 2040-3232  \n[https://doi.org/10.1386/stic.7.2.265_1](https://doi.org/10.1386/stic.7.2.265_1)  \nThis is an author produced version of a paper published in Studies in Comics. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy.  \nReuse  \nItems deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item.  \nTakedown  \nIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by  \nemailing [eprints@whiterose.ac.uk](eprints@whiterose.ac.uk) including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request.  \nMadill 1  \nComic Studies special issue  \nSarah Lightman and Catriona McLeod (eds)  \nMadill, A. (2017) . Men on the market: Feminist analysis of age  \nstratified male-male romance in Boys’Love manga. Studies in  \nComics, 7.2, 265-287.  \nMen on the market:  \nFeminist analysis of age-stratified male-male romance in Boys’Love manga  \nAnna Madill, PhD., School of Psychological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK  \n[a.l.madill@leeds.ac.uk](a.l.madill@leeds.ac.uk)  \nEmail: [a.l.madill@leeds.ac.uk](a.l.madill@leeds.ac.uk)  \n[Tele:](Tele:) +(44)1133435750  \nMadill 2  \nAbstract  \nMale-male sexuality is the central trope of Boys’ Love (BL) manga with stories tending torevolve around a central uke-seme (‘bottom’-‘top’) pair. Although focused on men, BL is produced and consumed primarily by women. This article presents an analysis of agestratified male-male romance – pederasty-as portrayed in BL. My corpus consists of 234 original Japanese BL manga stories, created by 100 different mangaka (author-artists), published commercially in English between 2003 and 2012. Sixty-eight (30%) of these stories were identified as involving age-stratified relationship, eight of which were selected for detailed analysis. Seven were selected for typicality: Waru (2007) by Yukari Hashida deemed the most typical, and Fangs (2008) by Hiroki Kusumoto included in analysis as the most atypical age-stratified story in order to test the robustness of identified patterns. I argue that that the characteristic themes of age-stratified BL map surprising well onto the eroticised intra-familial dynamics of Freud and the intra-and inter-familial economics of Lévi-Strauss as theorised by Rubin (1975) . The patterns identified are evidenced and discussed under the following headings: the mother identified son, the doubly-divested man, the castrated father, men on the market, and the phallic mother. These themes help build and substantiate my argument that age-stratified BL might work as a feminist critique of patriarchy through the mechanism of phallic divestiture.  \nKeywords: boys love, feminism, homosexuality, manga, psychoanalysis, yaoi.  \nMadill 3  \nMen on the market:  \nFeminist analysis of age-stratified male-male romance in Boys’Love manga  \nMale-male sexuality 1 is the central trope of Boys’ Love2 (BL) manga and its formula of uke (‘bottom’) and seme (‘top’) so secure that it can be, at times, playfully subverted in reversible couples. A","cbCaibEZ3yr9DolB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibEZ3yr9DolB","pdf",543524,2,1,29,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Male-male sexuality as a trope in Boys’ Love manga\n## Uke-seme structure and audience demographics\n## Definition and framing of age-stratified romance (pederasty)\n## Legal and research context; exclusions and related genres\n## Prior reader research on shota elements","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article analyzes age-stratified male-male romance—pederasty—as portrayed in Boys’ Love (BL) manga, using a defined corpus and close analysis of selected stories.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research corpus constructed?\",\"answer\":\"The corpus includes 234 original Japanese BL manga stories created by 100 mangaka and published commercially in English between 2003 and 2012; 68 involved age-stratified relationships, and eight were selected for detailed analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"Which theoretical frameworks are used to interpret the identified themes?\",\"answer\":\"The argument maps BL age-stratified themes onto Freud’s eroticized intra-familial dynamics and Lévi-Strauss’s intra- and inter-familial economics, building on Rubin’s theorization.\"}]","Men on the market - Feminist analysis of age-stratified male-male romance in Boys’ Love manga | PDF",1787216288,73,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"men-on-the-market-feminist-analysis-of-age-stratified-male-male-romance-in-boys-love-manga","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,48,51],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":53},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/men-on-the-market-feminist-analysis-of-age-stratified-male-male-romance-in-boys-love-manga/133246/",4,{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-28","2026-08-20",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What is the main focus of the article?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"The article analyzes age-stratified male-male romance—pederasty—as portrayed in Boys’ Love (BL) manga, using a defined corpus and close analysis of selected stories.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How was the research corpus constructed?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"The corpus includes 234 original Japanese BL manga stories created by 100 mangaka and published commercially in English between 2003 and 2012; 68 involved age-stratified relationships, and eight were selected for detailed analysis.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"Which theoretical frameworks are used to interpret the identified themes?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"The argument maps BL age-stratified themes onto Freud’s eroticized intra-familial dynamics and Lévi-Strauss’s intra- and inter-familial economics, building on Rubin’s theorization.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":88,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":90,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":93},[94,98,102,106,111,116,121,124,129,132,136],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":101},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":53,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},30,"research-report",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":131},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":133,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":135},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":137,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":138,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":139},19,"General","general"]