[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-207279-105":59,"doc-detail-207279-en":125},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":118,"head_meta":120,"extra_data":122,"updated_unix":124},105,"en","medicine-in-britain-c1250present-option-11-the-british-sector-of-the-western-front-191418-injuries-treatment-and-the-trenches","Medicine in Britain - c1250–present - Option 11 - The British sector of the Western Front, 1914–18: injuries, treatment and the trenches","","Paper 1 focuses on Medicine in Britain from c1250 to the present and the British sector of the Western Front between 1914 and 1918. Question 1 asks for two key features of blood transfusions on the Western Front during the First World War, assessing knowledge of period characteristics and awarding marks per valid feature. Question 2(a) evaluates the usefulness of Sources A and B for researching how medical staff treated battle injuries, requiring judgement with criteria and contextual support linked to source provenance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":117},[70,84,100],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/medicine-in-britain-c1250present-option-11-the-british-sector-of-the-western-front-191418-injuries-treatment-and-the-trenches/207279/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"author":86,"headline":65,"publisher":89,"fileFormat":92,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":93,"datePublished":94,"encodingFormat":92,"isAccessibleForFree":95,"interactionStatistic":96},"DigitalDocument",{"name":87,"@type":88},"Himbo","Person",{"url":74,"name":90,"@type":91},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-06","2026-09-05",true,{"@type":97,"interactionType":98,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":99},"ViewAction",{"@type":101,"mainEntity":102},"FAQPage",[103,109,113],{"name":104,"@type":105,"acceptedAnswer":106},"What does Question 1 require about blood transfusions on the Western Front?","Question",{"text":107,"@type":108},"Provide two features of blood transfusions on the Western Front during the First World War, with supporting information for each feature.","Answer",{"name":110,"@type":105,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How is the usefulness of Sources A and B judged in Question 2(a)?",{"text":112,"@type":108},"Answers must give a judgement on utility using valid criteria, supported by analysis of what the sources contain and how their provenance affects their usefulness.",{"name":114,"@type":105,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What kind of historical context can be used in Question 2(a)?",{"text":116,"@type":108},"Contextual knowledge must be linked directly to evaluating the sources’ usefulness; generic comments on provenance or context without linking to source content do not gain credit.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":119,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":90,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":121,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":123,"site_id":62},207279,1788599115,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":126},{"doc_id":123,"user_id":127,"nickname":87,"user_avatar":128,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":129,"file_id":130,"file_url":131,"file_type":132,"file_size":133,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":134,"language":135,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":136,"faqs":137,"seo_title":138,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":124,"read_time":139},687197100911,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1785132997149421697","Paper 1: Thematic study and historic environment (1HI0/11)  \nOption 11: Medicine in Britain, c1250–present  \nand  \nThe British sector of the Western Front, 1914–18: injuries, treatment and the trenches  \nThe British sector of the Western Front, 1914–18: injuries, treatment and the trenches  \n\n| Question |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| 1 | Describe two features of blood transfusions on the Western Front during the First World War.\u003Cbr>Target: knowledge of key features and characteristics of the period.\u003Cbr>AO1 : 4 marks. |\n| Marking instructions |  |\n| Award 1 mark for each valid feature identified up to a maximum of two features. The second mark should be awarded for supporting information.\u003Cbr>e.g.\u003Cbr>• Initially transfusions on the Western Front were carried out using a syringe and tube, with the donor present (1) . This stopped the patient going into shock from blood loss (1) .\u003Cbr>• Ways to store blood were discovered by Lewisohn, Weil, Rous and Turner (1) . Greater amounts of blood could be available for operations in field hospitals (1) .\u003Cbr>• A blood depot was set up before the Battle of Cambrai (1) . The army developed ways of dealing with large numbers of casualties on the Western Front (1) .\u003Cbr>Accept other appropriate features and supporting information . |  |\n\n\n| Question |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 2 (a) |  | How useful are Sources A and B for an enquiry into the treatment of battle injuries by medical staff on the Western Front?\u003Cbr>Explain your answer, using Sources A and B and your knowledge of the historical context.\u003Cbr>Target: Analysis and evaluation of source utility.\u003Cbr>AO3: 8 marks. |\n| Level | Mark | Descriptor |\n|  | 0 | No rewardable material. |\n| 1 | 1–2 | • A simple judgement on utility is given, and supported by undeveloped comment on the content of the sources and/or their provenance 1. Simple comprehension of the source material is shown by the extraction or paraphrase of some content. Limited contextual knowledge is deployed with links to the sources. |\n| 2 | 3–5 | • Judgements on source utility for the specified enquiry are given, using valid criteria. Judgements are supported by developed comment related to the content of the sources and/or their provenance 1. Comprehension and some analysis of the sources is shown by the selection and use of material to support comments on their utility. Contextual knowledge is used directly to support comments on the usefulness of the content of the sources and/or their provenance . |\n| 3 | 6–8 | • Judgements on source utility for the specified enquiry are given, applying valid criteria with developed reasoning which takes into account how the provenance 1 affects the usefulness of the source content. The sources are analysed to support reasoning about their utility. Contextual knowledge is used in the process of interpreting the sources and applying criteria for judgements on their utility. |\n| Notes\u003Cbr>1. Provenance = nature, origin, purpose.\u003Cbr>Marking instructions\u003Cbr>Markers must apply the descriptors above in line with the general marking guidance.\u003Cbr>No credit may be given for contextual knowledge unless it is linked to evaluation of the sources. No credit may be given for generic comments on provenance which are not used to evaluate source content.\u003Cbr>Indicative content guidance\u003Cbr>Answers must be credited according to candidates’ deployment of material in relation to the qualities outlined in the mark scheme. While specific references are made in the indicative content below, this does not imply that these must be included; other relevant material must also be credited. The grouping of points below does not imply that this is how candidates are expected to structure their answers.\u003Cbr>Source A\u003Cbr>The usefulness could be identified in terms of the following points which could be drawn from the source:\u003Cbr>• Source A is useful because it shows there was a wide range of minor injuries such as head wounds, foot wounds, broken limbs, which were treated by medical staff.\u003Cbr","cbCainRK74ybJOSo","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainRK74ybJOSo","pdf",176450,13,"English","# Paper 1: Thematic study and historic environment (1HI0/11)\n## Option 11: Medicine in Britain, c1250–present\n## The British sector of the Western Front, 1914–18: injuries, treatment and the trenches\n# Question 1\n## Blood transfusions: two key features\n# Question 2(a)\n## How useful are Sources A and B for treatment of battle injuries?","[{\"question\":\"What does Question 1 require about blood transfusions on the Western Front?\",\"answer\":\"Provide two features of blood transfusions on the Western Front during the First World War, with supporting information for each feature.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the usefulness of Sources A and B judged in Question 2(a)?\",\"answer\":\"Answers must give a judgement on utility using valid criteria, supported by analysis of what the sources contain and how their provenance affects their usefulness.\"},{\"question\":\"What kind of historical context can be used in Question 2(a)?\",\"answer\":\"Contextual knowledge must be linked directly to evaluating the sources’ usefulness; generic comments on provenance or context without linking to source content do not gain credit.\"}]","Medicine in Britain - c1250–present - Option 11 - The British sector of the Western Front, 1914–18: injuries, treatment and the trenches | PDF",33]