[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-384033-105":59,"doc-detail-384033-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","mechanism-and-recent-updates-on-insulin-related-disorders-review","Mechanism and recent updates on insulin-related disorders - Review","","Insulin, a 51–amino-acid protein synthesized by pancreatic β-cells, sustains glucose homeostasis through biochemical and molecular actions. Numerous metabolic dysfunctions follow disrupted insulin-mediated glucose regulation, prominently including diabetes mellitus (type 1, type 2, and gestational). Insulin resistance contributes to broader metabolic disorders and links with metabolic syndrome, characterized by IR, hypertension, and obesity. Additional conditions associated with insulin malfunction include polycystic ovary syndrome, neuronal disorders, and cancer.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/mechanism-and-recent-updates-on-insulin-related-disorders-review/384033/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/mechanism-and-recent-updates-on-insulin-related-disorders-review/384033.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Terk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What role does insulin play in the body?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Insulin is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis at biochemical and molecular levels through actions in pancreatic β-cells.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which conditions are highlighted as insulin-associated disorders?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The review emphasizes diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance–related metabolic disorders, metabolic syndrome, and additional conditions including polycystic ovary syndrome, neuronal disorders, and cancer.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How do the paper’s biochemical and molecular links connect insulin disorders to disease?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The review focuses on connecting mechanisms such as biochemical events, molecular signaling pathways, microRNAs, and microbiota that link insulin dysregulation with pathophysiology and complications.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},384033,1790489493,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},1099525198933,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","| W | J | C | C | World Journal of\u003Cbr>Clinical Cases |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n\nSubmit a Manuscript: [https://www.f6publishing.com](https://www.f6publishing.com) World J Clin Cases 2023 September 6; 11(25): 5840-5856  \nDOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i25.5840 ISSN 2307-8960 (online)  \nREVIEW  \nMechanism and recent updates on insulin-related disorders  \nShashank Kumar, Sabyasachi Senapati, Neetu Bhattacharya, Amit Bhattacharya, Shashank Kumar Maurya, Hadiya Husain, Jasvinder Singh Bhatti, Abhay Kumar Pandey  \nSpecialty type: Medicine, research and experimental  \nProvenance and peer review:  \nInvited article; Externally peer reviewed.  \nPeer-review model: Single blind  \nPeer-review report’s scientific quality classification  \nGrade A (Excellent): 0  \nGrade B (Very good): 0  \nGrade C (Good): C, C, C  \nGrade D (Fair): D  \nGrade E (Poor): E  \nP-Reviewer: Amin A, United Arab Emirates; Emran TB, Bangladesh; PappachanJM, United Kingdom  \nReceived: June 3, 2023  \nPeer-review started: June 3, 2023  \nFirst decision: June 14, 2023  \nRevised: July 6, 2023  \nAccepted: August 7, 2023  \nArticle in press: August 7, 2023  \nPublished online: September 6, 2023  \nShashank Kumar, Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India  \nSabyasachi Senapati, Jasvinder Singh Bhatti, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India  \nNeetu Bhattacharya, Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110003, India  \nAmit Bhattacharya, Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India  \nShashank Kumar Maurya, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India  \nHadiya Husain, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India  \nAbhay Kumar Pandey, Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, India  \nCorresponding author: Abhay Kumar Pandey, PhD, Professor, Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, University Road, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, India.  \n[akpandey23@rediffmail.com](akpandey23@rediffmail.com)  \nAbstract  \nInsulin, a small protein with 51 amino acids synthesized by pancreatic β-cells, is crucial to sustain glucose homeostasis at biochemical and molecular levels. Numerous metabolic dysfunctions are related to insulin-mediated altered glucose homeostasis. One of the significant pathophysiological conditions linked to the insulin associated disorder is diabetes mellitus (DM) (type 1, type 2, and gestational) . Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major underlying causes of metabolic disorders despite its association with several physiological conditions. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is another pathophysiological condition that is associated with IR, hypertension, and obesity. Further, several other pathophysiological disorders/diseases are associated with the insulin malfunctioning, which include polycystic ovary syndrome, neuronal disorders, and cancer. Insulinomas are an uncommon type of pancreatic β-cell-derived neuroendocrine tumor that makes up 2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Literature revealed that different biochemical events, molecular signaling pathways, microRNAs, and microbiota act as connecting links between insulin disorder and associated  \n WJCC  [https://www.wjgnet.com](https://www.wjgnet.com) 5840 September 6, 2023  Volume 11  Issue 25   \nKumar S et al. Recent updates on insulin-related disorders  \npathophysiology such as DM, insuloma, neurological disorder, MS, and cancer. In this review, we focus on the insulin-related disorders and the underlying mechanisms associated with the pathophysiology.  \nKey Words: Insulin disorder; Diabetes; Metabolic syndrome; Neurological disorder; Obesity; Cancer  \n©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.  \nCore Tip: Insulin mediated glucose homeostasis is an important event in human physiology as it fuels the life. ","cbCaiiZP1uxxqkpW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiZP1uxxqkpW","pdf",1823475,18,"English","# Introduction\n# Insulin biology and glucose regulation\n# Insulin-related pathophysiology and connected disorders\n## Diabetes mellitus\n## Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome\n## Other insulin-associated diseases","[{\"question\":\"What role does insulin play in the body?\",\"answer\":\"Insulin is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis at biochemical and molecular levels through actions in pancreatic β-cells.\"},{\"question\":\"Which conditions are highlighted as insulin-associated disorders?\",\"answer\":\"The review emphasizes diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance–related metabolic disorders, metabolic syndrome, and additional conditions including polycystic ovary syndrome, neuronal disorders, and cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"How do the paper’s biochemical and molecular links connect insulin disorders to disease?\",\"answer\":\"The review focuses on connecting mechanisms such as biochemical events, molecular signaling pathways, microRNAs, and microbiota that link insulin dysregulation with pathophysiology and complications.\"}]","Mechanism and recent updates on insulin-related disorders - Review | PDF",1790260937,45]