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The guide has been divided into two parts as follows:  \nPart I: In-text citations.  \nThe citation format for all the references mentioned in the main text.  \nPart II: The reference list.  \nProvides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list; likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text.  \nMDPI’s style for citations and references lists is widely based on the style used by the American Chemical Society. Please refer to the ACS Style Guide [1] or enquire with a journal’s Editorial Office if you have any questions regarding the preparation of citations and reference lists.  \nMDPI Production Team  \nJuly 2025  \nContents  \nPreface ............................................................................................................................................................. 2  \nPart I. In-Text Citations ................................................................................................................................. 4  \n1. Citations ...................................................................................................................................................... 4  \nPart II. Reference List .................................................................................................................................... 4  \n2. Reference List ............................................................................................................................................. 4  \n2.1. Reference List Format ........................................................................................................................... 4  \n2.2. General Considerations......................................................................................................................... 4  \n3. Reference Elements.................................................................................................................................... 5  \n3.1. Author Element .................................................................................................................................... 5  \n3.2. Editor Element ...................................................................................................................................... 5  \n4. Common Types of References.................................................................................................................. 5  \n4.1. Journal/Periodical Articles.................................................................................................................... 5  \n4.2. Books ..................................................................................................................................................... 6  \n4.2.1. Books without editors......................................................................................................................... 6  \n4.2.2. Books with editors .............................................................................................................................. 6  \n4.3. Conferences or Meetings....................................................................................................................... 7  \n4.3.1. Proceedings ........................................................................................................................................ 7  \n4.3.2. Oral Presentations Without Published Material ............................................................................... 7  \n4.4. Website and Online Resources ............................................................................................................. 7  \n4.5. Thesis ................","cbCaieCi3Hyc2KFJ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieCi3Hyc2KFJ","pdf",301256,"English","# Preface\n## Part I. In-Text Citations\n### 1. Citations\n## Part II. Reference List\n### 2. Reference List\n#### 2.1. Reference List Format\n#### 2.2. General Considerations\n### 3. Reference Elements\n#### 3.1. Author Element\n#### 3.2. Editor Element\n### 4. Common Types of References\n#### 4.1. Journal/Periodical Articles\n#### 4.2. Books\n#### 4.3. Conferences or Meetings\n#### 4.4. Website and Online Resources\n#### 4.5. Thesis\n#### 4.6. Patent\n#### 4.7. Standard\n#### 4.8. Software\n# References","[{\"question\":\"How should references be cited in the main text?\",\"answer\":\"Use Arabic numbers in square brackets such as \\\"[1]\\\", \\\"[1,2]\\\", or \\\"[2–4]\\\". Cite them in ascending order of appearance in the text.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the guidance on using the reference number in sentences?\",\"answer\":\"Do not use the reference number as the sentence subject (e.g., \\\"[1] introduced ...\\\" is incorrect). Instead, add \\\"Ref.\\\" or use the author names before the citation (e.g., \\\"Ref. [1] proposes ...\\\" or \\\"Liu [1] proposes ...\\\").\"},{\"question\":\"How should citation ranges be formatted when there are more than two consecutive references?\",\"answer\":\"Use an en dash between the numbers, for example \\\"[3–5]\\\" or \\\"[1,3–5,7]\\\" to represent ranges of consecutive references.\"}]","MDPI Reference List and Citations Style Guide - 10th Edition - Guide | PDF",1789999273]