[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-43313-en":3,"doc-seo-43313-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":82},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},43313,1099514067438,"River Wang","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539ee87300030?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1780474512215547542",2,"Literature","Teori Maskulinitas - Adorno","A Hidden Agenda: Gender in Selected Writings by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer analyzes how the critique in Dialektik der Aufklärung—targeting the “bourgeois subject” as a driver of domination and exploitation of “nature”—is accompanied by implicit gendered theory. Close readings show that “masculine” and “feminine” operate as underlying value-laden categories: late-capitalist subjects are “emasculated” and “feminized,” while Adorno’s praise of figures such as Arnold Schönberg aligns power with masculinity.","Orbis Litterarum 2001: 56, 294–313 Copyright C Munksgaard 2001  \nPrinted in Denmark . All rights reserved   \nISSN 0105-7510  \nA Hidden Agenda: Gender in Selected Writings by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer  \nHeidi M. Schlipphacke  \nIn Dialektik der Aufkla¨rung (1944–47), Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno criticize the ‘‘bourgeois subject’’ as a perpetrator of the exploitation and domination of ‘‘nature.’’ Within the parameters of ‘‘bourgeois ideology,’’ ‘‘woman’’ functions as a representative of ‘‘nature.’’ Although Horkheimer and Adorno reflect critically on the utilization and misuse of ‘‘woman,’’ this essay explores the extent to which the concepts ‘‘masculine’’ and ‘‘feminine’’ function as implicit theoretical categories in selected writings by these authors. Indeed, a close reading of selected passages in works by Horkheimer and Adorno reveals that gendered categories in these texts carry with them a value judgment. While Horkheimer and Adorno describe the individual of late capitalism as‘‘emasculated’’ and feminized (‘‘castrated’’), Adorno praises artists such as Arnold Scho¨nberg, who manifests a potent masculinity. In fact, Adorno often writes about individuals and art works in terms which privilege ‘‘masculinity’’ as opposed to an emasculating ‘‘femininity.’’ Value judgments which employ gendered categories, then, stand in contradiction to the explicitly critical project of Dialektik der Aufkla¨rung.  \nDialektik der Aufkla¨rung, written by Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno in 1944–47, presents an explicit critique of the ‘‘bourgeois subject’’ as a perpetrator of domination and exploitation. The critique is, however, accompanied by an implicit nostalgia, in the wake of late capitalism, for a more personalized form of domination. This form of authority is approximated in the liberal bourgeois father. However, the critique of patriarchal institutions in Dialektik der Aufkla¨rung is, I argue, partially undermined by a hidden desire to preserve the bourgeois father and the accompanying term ‘‘authority.’’ 1 In this essay, I will interrogate these contradictory agendas in Dialektik der Aufkla¨rung and selected later writings by Adorno contained in the collection of essays entitled Prismen. The radical critique of bourgeois society  \nlevelled by these authors will be weighed against the nostalgic desire to preserve a figure of authority, the autonomous male subject. According to my reading, this hidden interest is a reaction to the negative valuation in these texts of the ‘‘emasculated,’’ castrated individual of late capitalism. The ideological bias accompanying the abhorrence of ‘‘emasculation’’ informs theoretical structures in texts by Adorno and Dialektik der Aufkla¨rung. A close reading of selected passages in these works will reveal a common construction of the ‘‘masculine’’ and the ‘‘feminine’’ as theoretical categories. I argue that these categories underlie the judgment of both individuals and art works in the texts in question, revealing a potentially unreflected utilization of gendered stereotypes.2  \nAt the outset, it is necessary to differentiate between the concept ‘‘woman,’’as it occurs in writings by Horkheimer and Adorno, and the category of the‘‘feminine.’’ On a literal level in Dialektik der Aufkla¨rung, ‘‘woman’’ represents‘‘nature.’’ ‘‘Woman’’ functions as a critically reflected projection of gender stereotypes.  \nAls Repra¨sentantin der Natur ist die Frau in der bu¨rgerlichen Gesellschaft zum Ra¨tselbild von Unwiderstehlichkeit und Ohnmacht geworden. So spiegelt sie der Herrschaft die eitle Lu¨ge wider, die anstelle der Verso¨hnung der Natur deren ¨Uberwindung setzt. (79)  \nAs a symbol of ‘‘nature,’’ ‘‘woman’’ embodies a dual function; she represents the site of exploitation as well as a potential utopia.3 The utopia is conceived as a reunification between her body and the bourgeois subject which would signify a reconciliation with ‘‘nature.’’4 According to this logic, the bourgeois subject is always male ","cbCaipYkyeIkctiw","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipYkyeIkctiw","pdf",104888,4,1,20,"English","en",105,"# A Hidden Agenda: Gender in Selected Writings\n## Critical frame in Dialektik der Aufklärung\n## Gendered categories and value judgments\n## “Woman” as “nature” and immanent critique\n## The hidden textual role of “the feminine” and “emasculation\"","[{\"question\":\"Why does Freud’s concept of castration matter to the essay’s argument?\",\"answer\":\"The essay uses Freud’s account of castration and the fear of castration to explain how subject formation is symbolically gendered. It links the Freudian vocabulary of “castration” and “emasculated” in Adorno and Horkheimer to an implicit gender duality in their theoretical structures.\"}]",1783379922,31,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":77,"head_meta":79,"extra_data":81,"updated_unix":28},"masculinity-theory-adorno","",{"@graph":36,"@context":76},[37,52,67],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,47,50],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/masculinity-theory-adorno/43313/",{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":41,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-19","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"Why does Freud’s concept of castration matter to the essay’s argument?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The essay uses Freud’s account of castration and the fear of castration to explain how subject formation is symbolically gendered. It links the Freudian vocabulary of “castration” and “emasculated” in Adorno and Horkheimer to an implicit gender duality in their theoretical structures.","Answer","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":78,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":80,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":83},[84,88,91,95,100,105,110,115,119,122,126],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality","religion-spirituality",{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":22,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general"]