[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-58752-en":3,"doc-seo-58752-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},58752,2336464648746,"Skyler","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",2,"Literature","Martial Arts of the World An Encyclopedia Volume One: A–Q","Comprehensive encyclopedia volume covering martial arts from A through Q, edited by Thomas A. Green and published by ABC-CLIO in 2001. The contents outline entries spanning techniques, schools, regions, and cultural contexts, including aikidô, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, capoeira, kung fu, karate (Japanese and Okinawan), kendo, krav maga, muay thai, ninjutsu, taekwondo, taijiquan, and many more. The book includes bibliographical references, an index, and guidance on romanization.","Martial Arts of the World  \nMartial Arts of the World An Encyclopedia Volume One: A–Q  \nEdited by Thomas A. Green  \nSanta Barbara, California Denver, Colorado Oxford, England  \nCopyright © 2001 by Thomas A. Green  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations ina review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers.  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nMartial arts of the world: an encyclopedia / [edited] by Thomas A. Green.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN 1-57607-150-2 (hardcover: alk. paper); 1-57607-556-7 (ebook)  \n1. Martial arts—Encyclopedias. I. Green, Thomas A., 1944–  \nGV1101 .M29 2001  \n796. 8'03—dc21 2001002823 06 05 04 03 02 01 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \nThis book is also available on the World Wide Web as an e-book. Visit [abc-clio.com](abc-clio.com)[ ](abc-clio.com)[for details.](for details.)  \nABC-CLIO, Inc.  \n130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911  \nThis book is printed on acid-free paper I. Manufactured in the United States of America  \nContents  \nEditorial Board, ix  \nContributor List, xi  \nIntroduction, xv A Note on Romanization, xix  \nMartial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia  \nVolume 1: A–Q  \nAfrica and African America, 1 Aikidô, 12  \nAnimal and Imitative Systems in Chinese Martial Arts, 16  \nArchery, Japanese, 18  \nBaguazhang (Pa Kua Ch’uan), 23  \nBoxing, Chinese, 26  \nBoxing, Chinese Shaolin Styles, 32 Boxing, European, 44  \nBrazilian Jiu-Jitsu, 52  \nBudô, Bujutsu, and Bugei, 56  \nCapoeira, 61  \nChina, 65  \nChivalry, 72  \nCombatives: Military and Police Martial Art Training, 83  \nDueling, 97  \nEurope, 109  \nExternal vs. Internal Chinese Martial Arts, 119  \nFolklore in the Martial Arts, 123 Form/Xing/Kata/Pattern Practice,  \n135  \nGladiators, 141  \nGunfighters, 149  \nHapkidô, 157  \nHeralds, 162  \nIaidô, 169  \nIndia, 173  \nJapan, 179  \nJapanese Martial Arts, Chinese Influences on, 199  \nJeet Kune Do, 202  \nJûdô, 210  \nKajukenbo, 219  \nKalarippayattu, 225  \nKarate, Japanese, 232  \nKarate, Okinawan, 240  \nKendô, 249  \nKenpô, 255  \nKi/Qi, 260  \nKnights, 263  \nKobudô, Okinawan, 286  \nKorea, 291  \nKorean Martial Arts, Chinese Influences on, 299  \nKoryû Bugei, Japanese, 301 Krav Maga, 306  \nKung Fu/Gungfu/Gongfu, 313  \nMasters of Defence, 317  \nMedicine, Traditional Chinese, 327 Meditation, 335  \nMiddle East, 338  \nMongolia, 344  \nMuay Thai, 350  \nNinjutsu, 355  \nOkinawa, 363  \nOrders of Knighthood, Religious, 368  \nOrders of Knighthood, Secular, 384  \nPacific Islands, 403  \nPankration, 410  \nPerforming Arts, 417  \nPhilippines, 422  \nPolitical Conflict and the Martial Arts, 435  \nVolume 2: R–Z  \nRank, 445  \nReligion and Spiritual Development: Ancient Mediterranean and Medieval West, 447  \nReligion and Spiritual Development: China, 455  \nReligion and Spiritual Development: India, 462  \nReligion and Spiritual Development: Japan, 472  \nSambo, 507  \nSamurai, 514  \nSavate, 519  \nSilat, 524  \nSocial Uses of the Martial Arts, 532  \nSoutheast Asia, 538  \nStage Combat, 551  \nStickfighting, Non-Asian, 556 Sword, Japanese, 564  \nSwordsmanship, European Medieval, 570  \nSwordsmanship, European Renaissance, 579  \nSwordsmanship, Japanese, 588  \nSwordsmanship, Korean/Hankuk Haedong Kumdô, 597  \nT’aek’kyn, 603  \nTaekwondo, 608  \nTaijiquan (Tai Chi Ch’uan), 617 Thaing, 629  \nThang-Ta, 637  \nTraining Area, 643  \nVarma Ati, 647  \nVovinam/Viet Vo Dao, 651  \nWarrior Monks, Japanese/Sôhei, 659 Women in the Martial Arts, 664  \nvi Contents  \nWomen in the Martial Arts: Britain and North America, 684  \nWomen in the Martial Arts: China, 689  \nWomen in the Martial Arts: Japan, 692  \nWrestling and Grappling: China, 705  \nWrestling and Grappling: Europe, 710  \nWrestling and Grappling: India, 719  \nWrestling and Grappling: Japan, 727 Wrestling,","cbCairMYlVCb856Y","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairMYlVCb856Y","pdf",5520141,1,926,"English","en",105,"# Contents\n## Editorial Material and Reference Features\n## A–Q Encyclopedia Entries","[{\"question\":\"Who edited and published this encyclopedia volume?\",\"answer\":\"Edited by Thomas A. 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