[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-456587-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-456587-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","management-of-positive-and-negative-dysphotopsia-postcataract-surgery-a-literature-review","Management of positive and negative dysphotopsia postcataract surgery - A literature review","","This narrative review summarizes the etiologies and management strategies for positive (PD) and negative dysphotopsia (ND), optical phenomena that can arise after routine cataract surgery. A PubMed and Google Scholar search identified 36 relevant papers. Evidence supports PD’s link to intraocular lens edge design, where truncated square edges can produce retinal light artifacts such as streaks and haloes. ND is multifactorial, with experimental and clinical studies emphasizing the nasal retinal “illumination gap,” potentially related to anterior capsule positioning over the IOL, plus contributors like pupil size and high-angle kappa.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/management-of-positive-and-negative-dysphotopsia-postcataract-surgery-a-literature-review/456587/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/management-of-positive-and-negative-dysphotopsia-postcataract-surgery-a-literature-review/456587.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What are positive and negative dysphotopsia after cataract surgery?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Positive dysphotopsia (PD) involves bright visual artifacts such as arcs, streaks, rings, and halos from an oblique light source. Negative dysphotopsia (ND) involves a dark arc of shadow, typically in the temporal visual field, associated with a non-illuminated nasal retinal band.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What is the main proposed cause of positive dysphotopsia (PD)?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The review reports consensus that PD is attributed to the intraocular lens (IOL) edge design. Truncated square edges can reflect oblique light back to the retina, producing streaks and haloes.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How is negative dysphotopsia (ND) managed surgically?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"ND has been treated using approaches including reverse optic capture, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy, nasal IOL optic truncation, piggyback IOL, and an ND ring. Both PD and ND may also be managed by IOL replacement via in-the-bag exchange or bag-to-sulcus exchange.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},456587,1790789685,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":55,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":110,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":117,"preview_page_count":4},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","| Access this article online |\n| --- |\n| Quick Response Code: |\n| |\n| Website:\u003Cbr>[http://journals.lww.com/TJOP](http://journals.lww.com/TJOP) |\n| DOI:\u003Cbr>10.4103/tjo.TJO-D-25-00017 |\n\n1School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, 2Singapore Eye Research Institute, Regenerative Therapy Group, Refractive Surgery Group,Singapore, 3Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore  \n*Address for correspondence:  \nProf. Jodhbir S. Mehta, Singapore Eye Research Institute, 20 College Road, The Academia, Discovery Tower, Singapore.  \nE-mail: jodhbir.s.mehta@ [singhealth.com.sg](singhealth.com.sg)  \nSubmission: 24-01-2025  \nAccepted: 09-04-2025  \nPublished: 10-09-2025  \nReview Article ‑ Narrative Review  \nTaiwan J Ophthalmol 2025;15:572-579  \nManagement of positive and negative dysphotopsia postcataract surgery – A literature review  \nKujani Wanniarachchi1, Jodhbir S. Mehta2,3*  \nAbstract:  \nThe objective of this review was to provide a summary of the literature on the etiologies and management of positive (PD) and negative dysphotopsia (ND) which are optical phenomena that occur after routine cataract surgery. A search of PubMed and Google Scholar identified 36 relevant papers. There is a consensus on the etiology of PD, which is attributed to the edge design of the intraocular lens (IOL) . A truncated square edge can cause light of an oblique incidence to reflect onto the retinal surface and cause streaks and haloes in the visual field. Other causes of PD include diffractive multifocal IOLs and IOLs with a high index of refraction. The causes of ND are multifactorial; however, the majority of the evidence from experimental and clinical studies supports the “illumination gap” of the nasal retina which may arise from the anterior capsule overlying the IOL. Other factors such as pupil size, a high‑angle kappa, and increased posterior chamber depth may also play a role. Regarding surgical management, ND has been successfully treated with reverse optic capture, neodymium‑doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser capsulectomy, nasal IOL optic truncation, piggyback IOL, and an ND ring. Both PD and ND can be surgically managed by replacing the IOL using in‑the‑bag exchange or bag‑to‑sulcus exchange. Technological advancements have presented new avenues for developing antidysphotopsia lenses. Novel approaches utilize anterior capsulotomy fixation using IOL phalanges and a recent diffractive spiral lens that provides smooth full‑range vision without dysphotopsia.  \nKeywords:  \nCataract, dysphotopsia, lens‑exchange, multifocal, piggyback lens, reverse optic capture  \nIntroduction  \nCataract surgery is the most commonly  \nperformed surgical procedure worldwide. [1] Over decades, improved surgical techniques and intraocular lens (IOL) design have afforded cataract surgery high success rates asa safe outpatient procedure. However, even in a seemingly“perfect operation”, one source of continued patient and clinician dissatisfaction is the presence of unwanted optical phenomena and dysphotopsia. Tester et al. [2] were the first to coin the term which refers to the presence of various subjective visual phenomena, and dysphotopsia have been  \nThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivatives 4.0 License (CC BY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.  \nFor reprints [contact:](contact: WKHLRPMedknow_reprints@wolterskluwer.com)[ WKHLRPMedknow_reprints@wolterskluwer.com](contact: WKHLRPMedknow_reprints@wolterskluwer.com)  \nclassified into two main types: positive and negative. Positive dysphotopsia (PD) is the introduction of bright artifacts onto the retinal image, such as arcs, streaks, rings, and halos produced by an oblique light source (approximately 35°) . In contrast, negative dysphotopsia (ND) is reported asthe presence","cbCainB0Z8c9948P","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainB0Z8c9948P","pdf",966241,"English","# Introduction\n# Positive dysphotopsia (PD)\n# Negative dysphotopsia (ND)\n# Etiology and contributing factors\n# Surgical management and interventions\n# Technological advancements and antidysphotopsia lenses","[{\"question\":\"What are positive and negative dysphotopsia after cataract surgery?\",\"answer\":\"Positive dysphotopsia (PD) involves bright visual artifacts such as arcs, streaks, rings, and halos from an oblique light source. Negative dysphotopsia (ND) involves a dark arc of shadow, typically in the temporal visual field, associated with a non-illuminated nasal retinal band.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the main proposed cause of positive dysphotopsia (PD)?\",\"answer\":\"The review reports consensus that PD is attributed to the intraocular lens (IOL) edge design. Truncated square edges can reflect oblique light back to the retina, producing streaks and haloes.\"},{\"question\":\"How is negative dysphotopsia (ND) managed surgically?\",\"answer\":\"ND has been treated using approaches including reverse optic capture, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy, nasal IOL optic truncation, piggyback IOL, and an ND ring. Both PD and ND may also be managed by IOL replacement via in-the-bag exchange or bag-to-sulcus exchange.\"}]","Management of positive and negative dysphotopsia postcataract surgery - A literature review | PDF",1790746446]