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Adopted by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Board of Directors on August 31, 2021, and includes endorsed, disclosure, and funding statements. Provides clinical recommendations across nonoperative interventions—such as insoles, canes, braces, exercise, education, weight loss, manual therapy, and multiple pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options—while emphasizing individualized patient care based on clinician judgment.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/management-of-osteoarthritis-of-the-knee-non-arthroplasty-evidence-based-clinical-practice-guideline-aaos-adopted-2021/396195/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/management-of-osteoarthritis-of-the-knee-non-arthroplasty-evidence-based-clinical-practice-guideline-aaos-adopted-2021/396195.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Blitz","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-26",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",18,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the scope of this AAOS guideline for knee osteoarthritis?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It focuses on management of knee osteoarthritis using non-arthroplasty approaches. Recommendations cover a range of nonoperative treatments and therapies.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was the guideline developed and how should clinicians use it?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It was developed based on a formal systematic review of scientific and clinical information and accepted approaches to treatment and/or diagnosis. It is not a fixed protocol, and patient care should rely on clinician independent medical judgment and individual circumstances.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Are there regulatory and safety considerations for medicines or devices mentioned in the guideline?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Yes. 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[https://www.aaos.org/oak3cpg](https://www.aaos.org/oak3cpg) Published 08/31/2021  \nDisclaimer  \nThis clinical practice guideline (CPG) was developed by a physician volunteer clinical practice guideline development group based on a formal systematic review of the available scientific and clinical information and accepted approaches to treatment and/or diagnosis. This clinical practice guideline is not intended to be a fixed protocol, as some patients may require more or less treatment or different means of diagnosis. Clinical patients may not necessarily be the same as those found in a clinical trial. Patient care and treatment should always be based on a clinician’s independent medical judgment, given the individual patient’s specific clinical circumstances.  \nDisclosure Requirement  \nIn accordance with AAOS policy, all individuals whose names appear as authors or contributors to this clinical practice guideline filed a disclosure statement as part of the submission process. All panel members provided full disclosure of potential conflicts of interest prior to voting on the recommendations contained within this clinical practice guideline.  \nFunding Source  \nThis clinical practice guideline was funded exclusively by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons who received no funding from outside commercial sources to support the development of this document.  \nFDA Clearance  \nSome drugs or medical devices referenced or described in this Clinical practice guideline may not have been cleared by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or may have been cleared for a specific use only. The FDA has stated that it is the responsibility of the physician to determine the FDA clearance status of each drug or device he or she wishes to use in clinical practice.  \nCopyright  \nAll rights reserved. No part of this clinical practice guideline may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the AAOS. If you wish to request permission please contact the AAOS Department of Clinical Quality and Value [at](at orthoguidelines@aaos.org)[ ](at orthoguidelines@aaos.org)[orthoguidelines@aaos.org](at orthoguidelines@aaos.org).  \nPublished 2021 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS)  \n9400 W Higgins Rosemont, IL First Edition  \nCopyright 2021 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS)  \nTo View All AAOS and AAOS-Endorsed Evidence-Based clinical practice guidelines and Appropriate Use Criteria in a User-Friendly Format, Please Visit the OrthoGuidelines Web-Based App at [www.orthoguidelines.org](www.orthoguidelines.org) or by  downloading to your smartphone or tablet via the Apple and Google Play stores!   \nContents  \nSUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................. 7  \nLateral Wedge Insoles............................................................................................................... 7  \nCanes .......................................................................................................................................... 7  \nBraces ......................................................................................................................................... 7  \nOral/Dietary Supplements ........................................................................................................ 7  \nTopical Treatments ...........................................................................................","cbCaihecoLzObxSG","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihecoLzObxSG","pdf",1430030,126,"English","# Summary of Recommendations\n## Lateral Wedge Insoles\n## Canes\n## Braces\n## Oral/Dietary Supplements\n## Topical Treatments\n## Supervised Exercise\n## Neuromuscular Training\n## Self-Management\n## Patient Education\n## Weight Loss Intervention\n## Manual Therapy\n## Massage\n## Laser Treatment\n## Acupuncture\n## Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation\n## Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation/Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy\n## Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy\n## Oral NSAIDs\n## Oral Acetaminophen\n## Oral Narcotics","[{\"question\":\"What is the scope of this AAOS guideline for knee osteoarthritis?\",\"answer\":\"It focuses on management of knee osteoarthritis using non-arthroplasty approaches. Recommendations cover a range of nonoperative treatments and therapies.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the guideline developed and how should clinicians use it?\",\"answer\":\"It was developed based on a formal systematic review of scientific and clinical information and accepted approaches to treatment and/or diagnosis. It is not a fixed protocol, and patient care should rely on clinician independent medical judgment and individual circumstances.\"},{\"question\":\"Are there regulatory and safety considerations for medicines or devices mentioned in the guideline?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. The guideline states that some referenced drugs or medical devices may not be FDA-cleared or may be cleared for specific uses only, and it is the physician’s responsibility to confirm FDA clearance status for each item used.\"}]","Management of Osteoarthritis of the Knee (Non-Arthroplasty) - Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline - AAOS Adopted 2021 | PDF",1790434438,318]