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The document explains intent and limits of guidance, emphasizing individualized decisions based on each patient’s clinical picture and locally available options. It describes updating procedures, including periodic review and use of the latest systematic review methodology. 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Content may be reproduced in any number of copies and in any format or medium provided that a copyright acknowledgement to MaHTAS is included and the content is not changed, not sold, nor used to promote or endorse any product or service, and not used in an inappropriate or misleading context.  \ne-ISBN: 978-967-2887-16-4  \nAvailable on the following websites: [http://www.moh.gov.my](http://www.moh.gov.my)  \n[http://www.acadmed.org.my](http://www.acadmed.org.my)  \n[https://www.psychiatry-malaysia.org](https://www.psychiatry-malaysia.org)  \n[https://msgm.com.my](https://msgm.com.my)  \nAlso available as an app for Android and IOS platform: MyMaHTAS  \nSTATEMENT OF INTENT  \nThese clinical practice guidelines (CPG) are meant to be guides for clinical practice, based on the best available evidence at the time of development. Adherence to these guidelines may not necessarily guarantee the best outcome in every case. Every health care provider is responsible for the management of his/her unique patient based on the clinical picture presented by the patient and the management options available locally.  \n~~ ~~ Management of Dementia (Third Edition)  \nUPDATING THE CPG  \nThese guidelines were issued in 2021 and will be reviewed in a minimum period of four years (2025) or sooner if new evidence becomes available. When it is due for updating, the Chairperson of the CPG or National Advisor of the related specialty will be informed about it. A discussion will be done on the need for a revision including the scope of the revised CPG. A multidisciplinary team will be formed, and the latest systematic review methodology used by MaHTAS will be employed.  \nEvery care is taken to ensure that this publication is correct in every detail at the time of publication. However, in the event of errors oromissions, corrections will be published in the web version of this document, which will be the definitive version at all time. This version can be found on the websites mentioned above.  \n~~ ~~ Management of Dementia (Third Edition)  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nNo. Title Page  \nLevels of Evidence and Formulation of Recommendation i  \nKey Recommendations ii  \nGuidelines Development and Objectives v  \nDevelopment Group viii  \nReview Committee ix  \nExternal Reviewers x  \nAlgorithm 1. Early Detection of Dementia xi  \nAlgorithm 2. Diagnosis of Dementia xii  \nAlgorithm 3. Treatment of Dementia xiii  \n1. INTRODUCTION 1  \n2. RISK FACTORS AND RISK REDUCTION STRATEGIES 3  \n2.1 Risk Factors 3  \n2.2 Risk Reduction Strategies 5  \n3. ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSIS 9  \n3.1 Assessment 10  \n3.1.1 Clinical Assessment 10  \n3.1.2 Imaging and Biomarkers 12  \n3.2 Diagnostic Criteria 14  \n3.3 Stages 15  \n4. TREATMENT 16  \n4.1 Non-pharmacological Interventions 16  \n4.2 Pharmacological Interventions 19  \n4.2.1 Alzheimer’s Disease 20  \n4.2.2 Vascular Dementia 23  \n4.2.3 Lewy Body Disease (Dementia with Lewy Body/ 25  \nParkinson’s Disease Dementia)  \n4.2.4 Frontotemporal Dementia 26  \n4.2.5 Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms 26  \n4.2.6 Potentially Inappropriate Prescription 29  \n5. TRADITIONAL AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICATION 31  \n6. MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT 32  \n7. SPECIAL POPULATION 34  \n7.1 Acquired Brain Injury 34  \n7.2 Alcohol-related Dementia 34  \n7.3 HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders 35  \n~~ ~~ Management of Dementia (Third Edition)  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \nNo. Title Page  \n8. CAREGIVER SUPPORT 37  \n9. LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES 39  \n10. PALLIATIVE AND END-OF-LIFE CARE 41  \n11. REFERRAL 44  \n12. IMPLEMENTINGTHE GUIDELINES 45  \n12.1 Facilitating and Limiting Factors 45  \n12.2 Potential Resource Implications 45  \nREFERENCES 47  \nAppendix 1 Example of Sea","cbCaivnyGLVg8j27","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivnyGLVg8j27","pdf",3526909,106,"English","# Levels of Evidence and Formulation of Recommendation\n# Key Recommendations\n# Guidelines Development and Objectives\n# Development Group\n# Review Committee\n# External Reviewers\n# Algorithm 1. Early Detection of Dementia\n# Algorithm 2. Diagnosis of Dementia\n# Algorithm 3. Treatment of Dementia\n# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Risk Factors and Risk Reduction Strategies\n# 3. Assessment and Diagnosis\n# 4. Treatment\n# 5. Traditional and Complementary Medication\n# 6. Mild Cognitive Impairment\n# 7. Special Population\n# 8. Caregiver Support\n# 9. Legal and Ethical Issues\n# 10. Palliative and End-of-Life Care\n# 11. Referral\n# 12. Implementing the Guidelines\n# References\n# Appendix 1 Example of Search Strategy\n# Appendix 2 Clinical Questions\n# Appendix 3 10 Warning Signs of Dementia\n# Appendix 4 Initial Assessment Tools\n# Appendix 5 DSM-5 Appendix\n# Appendix 6 ICD-10 Appendix\n# Appendix 7 Global Deterioration Scale and FAST\n# Appendix 8 Medications Used for the Treatment of Dementia\n# Appendix 9 Anticholinergic Burden Scores\n# Appendix 10 Review and Deprescribe Guidance\n# Appendix 11 Important Points for Caregiver of People with Dementia\n# Appendix 12 Useful Resources\n# Appendix 13 Advance Care Planning\n# List of Abbreviations","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of these dementia clinical practice guidelines?\",\"answer\":\"They provide guidance for clinical practice based on the best available evidence at the time of development. Adherence may not guarantee the best outcome in every case, because management must reflect the patient’s specific clinical picture and local options.\"},{\"question\":\"How are the guidelines updated?\",\"answer\":\"The guidelines were issued in 2021 and are reviewed in a minimum period of four years (2025) or sooner if new evidence becomes available. When due, a discussion on the need for revision is conducted, supported by a multidisciplinary team using the latest systematic review methodology.\"},{\"question\":\"What areas are covered in the guideline algorithms and main sections?\",\"answer\":\"The document includes algorithms for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of dementia, followed by sections on risk factors and risk reduction, assessment and diagnostic criteria, treatment including non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions, and special topics such as caregiver support, legal and ethical issues, palliative and end-of-life care, and referral.\"}]","Management of Dementia - Third Edition - Guidelines and recommendations update | PDF",1791323273,267]