[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-584275-105":59,"doc-detail-584275-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","making-the-grade-how-fair-is-school-funding-in-your-state","Making the Grade - How Fair Is School Funding in Your State?","","Education Law Center’s Making the Grade 2025 provides an annual overview of school finance across states using the most recent 2022–2023 data. The report evaluates funding fairness through three measures: funding level, funding distribution, and funding effort. It examines cross-state equity in per-pupil funding, within-state distribution relative to student poverty, and how strongly states prioritize education funding. 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It assesses how fairly states fund schools so students have a chance for success.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the report measure school funding fairness?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The report evaluates fairness using three measures aligned to core principles: funding level, funding distribution, and funding effort. Funding level compares per-pupil funding equity across states, funding distribution examines how funds relate to student poverty, and funding effort measures how much states prioritize education funding relative to economic activity.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Where can readers access additional materials beyond the report?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The document directs readers to ELC’s Making the Grade website for an interactive version, downloadable state profiles, and a deeper dive into the methodology behind the rankings and reported numbers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},584275,1792166009,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},3985741905716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Making  \n2025  \nMaking the Grade  \nHOW FAIR IS SCHOOL FUNDING IN YOUR STATE?  \nAbout the Authors  \nDanielle Farrie, Ph.D., is research director at Education Law Center (ELC) . She conducts analysis to support litigation and public policy for ELC and partner organizations. Dr. Farrie has authored book chapters and peer-reviewed articles on topics such as school finance and school segregation. She has testified about school funding issues before numerous state and national commissions and has provided expert testimony in state school funding lawsuits. She [holds a Ph.D. in](holds a Ph.D. in) sociology from Temple University.  \nRobert Kim, Esq., is executive director of Education Law Center. He is a leading expert in education law and policy in the United States. Mr. Kim has written extensively on a wide range of legal and policy issues impacting public education. He is the author of two graduate-level textbooks on education and the law and a book for K-12 teachers on U.S. Supreme Court cases impacting public education. He received his B.A. from Williams College and his J.D. from Boston College Law School.  \nAbout Education Law Center  \nEducation Law Center pursues justice and equity for public school students by enforcing their right to a high-quality education in safe, equitable, non-discriminatory, integrated, and wellfunded learning environments. We seek to support and improve public schools as the center of communities and the foundation of a multicultural and multiracial democratic society. We strive to secure and protect the rights of students who are underserved, experience inadequate learning opportunities, or face discrimination based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, language, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, immigrant or migrant status, or disability. To achieve these goals, we engage in litigation, research and data analysis, policy advocacy, communications, and strategic partnerships and collaborations.  \nAbout ELC’s Fair School Funding Research  \nELC conducts and publishes research to advance policy and advocacy for fair school funding in the states with support from the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. Visit ELC’s Making the Grade website to access:  \n• an online, interactive version of this report  \n• downloadable state profiles  \n• a deeper dive into the methodology behind the rankings and numbers in this report.  \nTable of Contents  \n| Introduction | 03 |\n| --- | --- |\n| Key Takeaways | 03 |\n| Federal Upheaval Threatens Public Schools | 04 |\n| Data and Research Compromised | 04 |\n| Where Do We Go from Here? | 05 |\n| How Fair Is School Funding in Your State? | 06 |\n| What Is Fair School Funding? | 06 |\n| Why the States? | 06 |\n| Why Does Fair School Funding Matter? | 07 |\n| Measuring Fair School Funding | 07 |\n| Methodology | 08 |\n| The Fairness Measures | 09 |\n| Funding Level | 09 |\n| Funding Distribution | 16 |\n| Funding Effort | 20 |\n| What Role Does Federal Revenue Play? | 24 |\n| Funding Level | 25 |\n| Funding Distribution | 27 |\n| Federal Funding Improves Equity | 27 |\n| Putting It All Together | 29 |\n\nConclusion 31  \nTable of Figures  \nFigure 1a. Funding Level 10  \nFigure 1b. Regional Funding Disparities 11  \nFigure 1c. Change in Inflation-Adjusted Per-Pupil Funding Level, 2022 to 2023 12  \nFigure 1d. Change in Funding Level Rank, 2022 to 2023 13  \n\n| Figure 2a. Funding Distribution | 15 |\n| --- | --- |\n| Figure 2b. Number of Progressive, Flat and Regressive States, 2013-2023 | 16 |\n| Figure 2c. Change in Funding Distribution Ratio, 2022 to 2023 | 17 |\n| Figure 2d. Digging Deeper on Funding Distribution: New York | 18 |\n| Figure 2e. Fairness Profiles: Combining Funding Level and Distribution | 19 |\n| Figure 3a. Funding Effort | 21 |\n| Figure 3b. National Effort Trends | 22 |\n| Figure 3c. Change in Effort Index, 2022 to 2023 | 23 |\n\nFigure 4a. Federal Revenue Categories 25  \nFigure 4b. Funding Level with Federal Revenue (2019) 26  \nFigure 4c. Federal Revenue Impact on Funding Distribution","cbCaipzhPtjmRB6l","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipzhPtjmRB6l","pdf",10678041,36,"English","# Introduction\n## Key Takeaways\n## Federal Upheaval Threatens Public Schools\n## Data and Research Compromised\n## Where Do We Go from Here?\n## How Fair Is School Funding in Your State?\n## What Is Fair School Funding?\n## Why the States?\n## Why Does Fair School Funding Matter?\n## Measuring Fair School Funding\n## Methodology\n## The Fairness Measures\n## Putting It All Together","[{\"question\":\"What is Making the Grade 2025 about?\",\"answer\":\"Making the Grade 2025 is an annual overview of the condition of school finance in states, using the most recent 2022–2023 data. It assesses how fairly states fund schools so students have a chance for success.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report measure school funding fairness?\",\"answer\":\"The report evaluates fairness using three measures aligned to core principles: funding level, funding distribution, and funding effort. Funding level compares per-pupil funding equity across states, funding distribution examines how funds relate to student poverty, and funding effort measures how much states prioritize education funding relative to economic activity.\"},{\"question\":\"Where can readers access additional materials beyond the report?\",\"answer\":\"The document directs readers to ELC’s Making the Grade website for an interactive version, downloadable state profiles, and a deeper dive into the methodology behind the rankings and reported numbers.\"}]","Making the Grade - How Fair Is School Funding in Your State? | PDF",1792050383,91]