[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-38181-en":3,"doc-seo-38181-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},38181,13056703020460,"Valentina","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253dac470eee5d?_k=1778207105932848923",8,"Research & Report","Make It Stick: The Science of Successful Learning","Make It Stick: The Science of Successful Learning presents evidence-based approaches for improving learning and retention, challenging common study habits that waste effort. Grounded in cognitive science research on learning and memory, it explains practical strategies that are effective because they are not intuitive. The book targets students, educators, trainers, and lifelong learners, showing how to apply principles such as retrieval, interleaving, and spaced repetition to master complex knowledge and skills more effectively.","MAKE IT STICK  \nMake It Stick has helped millions of educators, students, and lifelong learners use proven approaches to learn better and remember longer. Learn more about the book and explore tips for learners, teachers, and parents at [www.makeitstick.com](www.makeitstick.com).  \n“We have made Make It Stick a touchstone for our instructors and support …to gain [a] real advantage for our learners as they tackle some of the toughest work in  \nthe world.”  \n—Dr. Carl Czech, former Senior Instructional Systems Specialist/Advisor, U.S. Navy SEALs  \nmake it stick  \nThe Science of Successful Learning  \nPeter C. Brown Henry L. Roediger III Mark A. McDaniel  \nTHE BELKNAP PRESS of HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS  \nCambridge, Massachusetts London, England  \nCopyright © 2014 by Peter C. Brown, Henry L. Roediger III,  \nMark A. McDaniel  \nAll rights reserved  \nPrinted in the United States of America  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brown, Peter C.  \nMake it stick : the science of successful learning / Peter C. Brown, Henry L. Roediger, Mark A. McDaniel.  \npages cm  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nISBN 978-0-674-72901-8  \n1. Learning—Research. 2. Cognition—Research. 3. Study skills.  \nI. Title.  \nLB1060 .B768 2014  \n370.15'23—dc23  \n2013038420  \nMemory is the mother of all wisdom.  \nAeschylus Prometheus Bound  \nContents  \nPreface ix  \n1 Learning Is Misunderstood 1  \n2 To Learn, Retrieve 23  \n3 Mix Up Your Practice 46  \n4 Embrace Difficulties 67  \n5  \nAvoid Illusions of Knowing 102  \n6  \nGet Beyond Learning Styles 131  \n7  \nIncrease Your Abilities 162  \n8  \nMake It Stick 200  \nNotes 257  \nSuggested Reading 285  \nAcknowledgments 289  \nIndex 295  \nPreface  \nPeople generally are going about learning in the wrong ways. Empirical research into how we learn and remember shows that much of what we take for gospel about how to learn turns out to be largely wasted effort. Even college and medical students—whose main job is learning—rely on study techniques that are far from optimal. At the sametime, this field of research, which goes back 125 years but has been particularly fruitful in recent years, has yielded a body of insights that constitute a growing science of learning: highly effective, evidence-based strategies to replace less effective but widely accepted practices that are rooted in theory, lore, and intuition. But there’s a catch: the most effective learning strategies are not intuitive.  \nTwo of us, Henry Roediger and Mark McDaniel, are cognitive scientists who have dedicated our careers to the study of learning and memory. Peter Brown is a storyteller. We have  \nteamed up to explain how learning and memory work, and we do this less by reciting the research than by telling stories of people who have found their way to mastery of complex knowledge and skills. Through these examples we illuminate the principles of learning that the research shows are highly effective. This book arose in part from a collaboration among eleven cognitive psychologists. In 2002, the James S. McDonnell Foundation of St. Louis, Missouri, in an effort to better bridge the gap between basic knowledge on learning in cognitive psychology and its application in education, awarded a research grant “Applying Cognitive Psychology to Enhance Educational Practice” to Roediger and McDaniel and nine others, with Roediger as the principal investigator. The team collaborated for ten years on research to translate cognitive science into educational science, and in many respects this book is a direct result of that work. The researchers and many of their studies are cited in the book, the notes, and our acknowledgments. Roediger’s and McDaniel’s work is also supported by several other funders, and McDaniel is the co-director of Washington University’s Center for Integrative Research in Learning and Memory.  \nMost books deal with topics serially—they cover one topic, move on to the next, and so on. We follow this strategy in the sense that each cha","cbCail2oUqAfmJY3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCail2oUqAfmJY3","pdf",614436,2,1,26,"English","en",105,"# Preface\n## Learning Is Misunderstood\n## To Learn, Retrieve\n## Mix Up Your Practice\n## Embrace Difficulties\n## Avoid Illusions of Knowing\n## Get Beyond Learning Styles\n## Increase Your Abilities\n## Make It Stick\n## Notes\n## Suggested Reading\n## Acknowledgments\n## Index","[{\"question\":\"What does the book argue about common learning methods?\",\"answer\":\"The book argues that many popular study techniques are far from optimal and often reflect assumptions that research does not support.\"},{\"question\":\"Who is the book written for?\",\"answer\":\"It is written for students and teachers, and also for trainers, leaders of professional associations, coaches, and lifelong learners who want to improve how they learn.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the core approach to improving learning and remembering?\",\"answer\":\"The book 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