[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-592100-105":59,"doc-detail-592100-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","major-issues-of-university-education-policy-in-hong-kong","Major Issues of University Education Policy in Hong Kong","","University education policy in Hong Kong is presented as one of the most controversial public issues, shaped by rapid expansion of degree places since the 1990s and growing political pressure. The work reviews the development of government-funded institutions and their expansion, then identifies major sector problems and key policy issues. It further examines factors and emerging trends influencing future university education development, concluding with synthesized observations and implications.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/major-issues-of-university-education-policy-in-hong-kong/592100/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/major-issues-of-university-education-policy-in-hong-kong/592100.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Grenda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What major changes influenced university education policy in Hong Kong since the 1990s?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The document highlights quality assurance institutionalization, reforms to university governance and staff remuneration, role differentiation among universities, possible emergence of private universities and community colleges, and increasing internationalization of university education.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the article describe the structure of government-funded universities in Hong Kong?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It explains that eight degree-awarding institutions are funded through the University Grants Committee (UGC) and are autonomous statutory bodies with their own ordinances and governing bodies within legal parameters.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What development trends does the article examine beyond historical expansion?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It discusses factors and emerging trends affecting university education development, including policy issues and pressures tied to competition for public resources and changes in funding growth.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},592100,1792189636,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},7971474921005,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Asia Pacific Education Review Copyright 2005 by Education Research Institute  \n2005, Vol. 6, No. 2, 103-112.  \nMajor Issues of University Education Policy in Hong Kong  \nMichael H. Lee  \nThe Chinese University of Hong Kong  \nHong Kong, China  \nUniversity education is believed to be one of the most controversial public policies in Hong Kong. Numerous changes have also occurred in the university education sector since the 1990s when the rapid expansion of university places was put into force. The most notable changes may include the institutionalization of quality assurance mechanisms, the reform of university governance and staff remuneration systems, the adoption of role differentiation among the universities, the potential emergence of private universities and community colleges, and the trend of internationalizing university education. This article identifies major issues of university education policy and examines those factors that are affecting the development of university education, in Hong  \nKong.  \nKey Words: Hong Kong, university education, policy  \nUniversities are under growing political pressure for reform in face of more acute competition for public resources in tandem with a marked slowdown in the growth of funding (Lucas, 1996) . In Hong Kong, university education has been thrust into the limelight of public discussion and debate. Numerous changes have also occurred in the sector since the 1990s when the rapid expansion of university places was put into force. This article identifies major issues of university education policy and examines those factors that are affecting the development of university education in Hong Kong. There are five sections. The article commences by reviewing briefly the development of university education in Hong Kong. The second section pinpoints major problems encountered by the university sector in Hong Kong over the past two decades. The third section addresses some important issues of university education policy in Hong Kong. The penultimate section discusses some factors and emerging trends offecting university education development in Hong  \nMichael H. Lee, Instructor Department of History, Chinese University of Hong Kong. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Michael H. Lee, Department of History, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Electronic mail maybe sent [to michaellee@cuhk.edu.hk](to michaellee@cuhk.edu.hk).  \nKong, and the final section is the conclusion.  \nThe Development of University Education in Hong Kong  \nIn Hong Kong, there are 8 degree-awarding higher education institutions funded by the government through the University Grants Committee (UGC), namely, the University of Hong Kong (HKU), Chinese University (CUHK), University of Science and Technology (HKUST), City University (CityU), Polytechnic University (PolyU), Baptist University (HKBU), Lingnan University (LU), and Institute of Education (HKIEd) . Each of the eight UGC-funded institutions is an autonomous statutory body with its own ordinance and governing body. These institutions are entitled freedom and autonomy to manage their own affairs within the parameters of the law.  \nAt present, about 14,500 first-year-first-degree places are made available among the eight UGC-funded institutions which cover about 18 per cent of the 17-20 age cohort. A further 24 per cent of people in the same age group have access to university education through enrolling in sub-degree or associate degree programmes and vocational training as  \nMichael H. Lee  \nwell as studying abroad. The UGC was established in 1965 toadminister grants to HKU and CUHK, the only two universities at that moment. It has long been acting as the government’s adviser on the development and funding of university education and the management of grant allocation for the subvented higher education institutions (Information Services Department, 2004) .  \nThe origin of university education in Hong Kong was dated back in 1911 wh","cbCaiueCxxL0TQkm","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiueCxxL0TQkm","pdf",89606,"English","# Major Issues of University Education Policy in Hong Kong\n## The Development of University Education in Hong Kong\n## University Sector Problems Over the Past Two Decades\n## Important Issues of University Education Policy in Hong Kong\n## Factors and Emerging Trends Affecting Development\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What major changes influenced university education policy in Hong Kong since the 1990s?\",\"answer\":\"The document highlights quality assurance institutionalization, reforms to university governance and staff remuneration, role differentiation among universities, possible emergence of private universities and community colleges, and increasing internationalization of university education.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article describe the structure of government-funded universities in Hong Kong?\",\"answer\":\"It explains that eight degree-awarding institutions are funded through the University Grants Committee (UGC) and are autonomous statutory bodies with their own ordinances and governing bodies within legal parameters.\"},{\"question\":\"What development trends does the article examine beyond historical expansion?\",\"answer\":\"It discusses factors and emerging trends affecting university education development, including policy issues and pressures tied to competition for public resources and changes in funding growth.\"}]","Major Issues of University Education Policy in Hong Kong | PDF",1792073859,25]