[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-591890-105":59,"doc-detail-591890-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","main-problems-of-higher-education-and-quests-for-reform-in-turkey","Main Problems of Higher Education and Quests for Reform in Turkey","","The study examines how higher education policies and practices in Turkey face constraints that hinder solutions to social problems and limit social development. Using document analysis, it identifies key problematic areas, including supply-demand imbalance, faculty issues, autonomy and accountability, and internationalization. Findings indicate that Turkish higher education remains insufficient across multiple dimensions. The work highlights priorities for tackling these challenges and concludes with regulation suggestions for reform.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/main-problems-of-higher-education-and-quests-for-reform-in-turkey/591890/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/main-problems-of-higher-education-and-quests-for-reform-in-turkey/591890.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the study on higher education in Turkey?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study aims to comprehensively address existing problems that prevent higher education institutions in Turkey from reaching the desired level and to provide regulation suggestions for reform.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the problematic areas in higher education in Turkey determined?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Main problematic areas were determined using a document analysis technique.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which core problem areas does the study discuss?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It discusses problems related to supply, demand, and imbalance; issues concerning faculty members; autonomy and accountability; and internationalization in higher education.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591890,1792172587,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31,"preview_page_count":4},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Main Problems of Higher Education and Quests for Reform in Turkey  \nÜnal Deniz  \nInspector, Turkish Maarif Foundation, Turkey, [udeniz@turkiyemaarif.org](udeniz@turkiyemaarif.org), [unaldeniz23@gmail.com](unaldeniz23@gmail.com)  \nWhen the higher education policies and practices of various countries in the world are examined, it is seen that higher education systems are open to innovations and improvements in order to meet the changing and developing needs of society. However, the problems experienced by higher education institutions in Turkey significantly limit both the solution of social problems and the provision of social development. From this point of view, this study aims to comprehensively address the existing problems that prevent higher education institutions from reaching the desired level in Turkey. In the current study, the main problematic areas in higher education in Turkey were determined by document analysis technique. In this context, the study deals with the problems of supply, demand, and imbalance in higher education; the problem of faculty members; autonomy and accountability; and internationalization in higher education are discussed. The results of the study show that higher education in Turkey is insufficient in many aspects to deal with the problems experienced. The study draws attention to some points that need to be addressed in the struggle with the problems experienced in higher education and ends with some regulation suggestions.  \nKeywords: higher education, problems of higher education, reform in higher education  \nINTRODUCTION  \nIn the beginning, education and the ideals it embodied aimed to raise “good people”. Later, the aim was directed towards raising “good citizens”. Recently, due to the deep effects of global capitalism, raising “good producer” and “good consumer” has been awakened. Today’s ideal is creativity. As a matter of fact, in today’s information society, education is called “the ability to be creative in an environment of special uncertainty and to properly manage the cognitive dissonance that is in the origin of our failures to understand reality”(Innerarity, 2010, p. 6) . The biggest challenge facing the information society is the generation of collective intelligence. The intelligence of society as a whole is more important than simply having a society of more than one individual intelligence. UNESCO’s (2016) inclusion of the fifth dimension “learning to transform oneself and society” to the principles of“learning to know, learning to do, learning to live together and learning to be” (UNESCO, 2014) supports this situation. Therefore, higher education institutions, which are a part of the society they live in, play an important role in both the transfer and production of knowledge.  \nIn the past, higher education institutions have played an important role in providing change and development in society, and today higher education institutions are still considered to be an important agency in building future generations (Arabacı, 2011; EUA, 2011; Johnstone & Marcucci, 2007; Sakınç & Bursalıoğlu, 2012; Taş & Yenilmez, 2008) . For this reason, higher education institutions must be the determinants of change and development rather than being exempt from change. When Peter Drucker said in an interview in 1997,“Thirty years from now, the big university campuses will be relics. Universities won’t survive. Such totally uncontrollable expenditures, without any visible improvement in either the content or the quality of education, means that the system is rapidly becoming untenable. Higher education is in deep crisis”, this was met with surprise by many (Drucker,  \nCitation: Deniz, Ü . (2022) . Main problems of higher education and quests for reform in Turkey. Anatolian Journal of  \nEducation, 7(2), 173-192. [https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2022.7214a](https://doi.org/10.29333/aje.2022.7214a)  \n1997). Undoubtedly, Drucker’s idea has not yet become true, as universities are still around toda","cbCairs5w0jvXnu6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairs5w0jvXnu6","pdf",513230,"English","# Introduction\n## Collective intelligence and the changing ideals of education\n## Higher education’s role in societal development\n## Strategic complexity after global shifts and the COVID-19 period\n## Legal restructuring and the need for comprehensive reform","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study on higher education in Turkey?\",\"answer\":\"The study aims to comprehensively address existing problems that prevent higher education institutions in Turkey from reaching the desired level and to provide regulation suggestions for reform.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the problematic areas in higher education in Turkey determined?\",\"answer\":\"Main problematic areas were determined using a document analysis technique.\"},{\"question\":\"Which core problem areas does the study discuss?\",\"answer\":\"It discusses problems related to supply, demand, and imbalance; issues concerning faculty members; autonomy and accountability; and internationalization in higher education.\"}]","Main Problems of Higher Education and Quests for Reform in Turkey | PDF",1792073416]